|
 
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| ABSTRACTS |
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| Year : 2018 | Volume
: 15
| Issue : 2 | Page : 69-95 |
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Abstracts and poster presentations of the faculty of clinical sciences conference and gathering, 2017
| Date of Web Publication | 21-May-2018 |
Correspondence Address:
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | Check |
DOI: 10.4103/2468-6859.232815
How to cite this article:
. Abstracts and poster presentations of the faculty of clinical sciences conference and gathering, 2017. J Clin Sci 2018;15:69-95 |
| Oral Presentations | |  |
ABS/LFM/NST/001: Perception of Spirituality, Spiritual Care and Barriers to The Provision of Spiritual Care Among Under Graduate Nurses in The University of Lagos
Onanuga Khadijah Adenike, Florence Folami
Department of Nursing Science, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
Background: Human perception about a particular phenomenon affects the manner in which they would carry out activities related to it, likewise, the perception of undergraduate nurses on spirituality and spiritual care determines the way they would behave with their patients regarding spirituality care which is very important in providing the optimum care i.e. holistic care to patients. Objectives: This study has the broad objective of identifying the perception of spirituality and spiritual care and barriers to the provision of spiritual care among undergraduate nurses in the College of Medicine, University of Lagos. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study, utilising stratified random sampling technique. A total of 117 students of the nursing department, University of Lagos, ranging from 200 level to 500 level, were used. Data was collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire, analysed using SPSS (Statistical package for social services) version 14 and presented using tables, percentages and pie chart. Findings: Sixty-seven-point nine percent of students have a poor perception of spirituality and spiritual care, with the majority (68.7%) of the students perceiving spirituality as religion. Barriers to the provision of spirituality care were also identified with “lack of confidence” being the most agreed upon. Conclusion: The findings of this research showed that nursing students' perceptions of spirituality and spiritual care was poor which had no relationship with their level or religion, thus, showing that the education being provided on this part of holistic care is not sufficient, requiring an in-depth adjustment of nurses educational curriculum on the aspect of spiritual care.
ABS/LFM/NST/002: Assessment of Patient Satisfaction with Nursing Care in Medical Wards of The Lagos University Teaching Hospital
Onaopemipo Odeyemi Adedolapo, Florence Folami
Department of Nursing Science, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
Background: Health care is changing rapidly and the need to improve quality in its delivery is increasing. Patient satisfaction has gained the attention from global scholars. Patient satisfaction is a central indicator for health care quality and reflects the ability of the provider to meet the patients' needs. Patient satisfaction is defined as the extent of the resemblance between the expected quality of care and the actual received care. Patient satisfaction with nursing care is of great importance to any health care agency because nurses comprise most of health care providers and they provide care for patients 24 hours a day. Objectives: Few studies have specifically been done on opinion of patients on their hospital experiences. In response, this study assessed patient satisfaction with nursing care within the medical wards of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH). Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study, utilizing stratified random sampling technique. A total of 120 standard questionnaires were distributed among patients in medical wards of Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos. All 120 questionnaires were administered successfully and were adequate for analysis. Findings: The findings of this study reveal that majority of the patients (77.5%) showed excellent satisfaction with the quality of nursing care received during their stay on the ward. Conclusion: The results of the study emphasized the role of patient satisfaction as one of the indicators for measuring quality of nursing care and their willingness to return to the same facility for their healthcare needs.
ABS/LFM/PDT/005: Knowledge, Attitude and Uptake of Childhood Immunization among Caregivers in Lagos Island Local Government Area, Lagos State, Nigeria
Abiola Ameenah, Ayankogbe Olufunmi, Campbell Princess
Department of Community Health and Primary Care, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
Introduction: Immunization is among the most successful components of preventive medicine. It remains one of the most important public health interventions and a cost-effective strategy to reduce both the morbidity and mortality associated with infectious diseases. About 30 million out of the 130 million children born every year worldwide are not receiving vaccination of any kind. Improving parents' knowledge, attitudes towards and uptake of immunizations would help in reducing the prevalence of Vaccine Preventable Diseases (VPD) and therefore, reduce under five mortality rates. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was done among caregivers of children in Lagos Island Local Government Area and the sample size was 216. An interviewer administered questionnaire was used as the survey tool to generate quantitative data. Data entry and analysis was done using EPI – info 7 software. The quantitative data was presented in form of tables and analysed as descriptive frequencies and percentages. Result: 99.5% of the respondents were aware of childhood immunization. The overall knowledge score 52.1% was fair. Majority (98.2%) of the respondents had positive attitude towards childhood immunization. Most (61.4%) of respondents had fully immunized their children. Conclusion: Almost all caregivers were aware of immunization and had a positive attitude towards it. An appreciable amount had fair knowledge and uptake of the immunization.
ABS/LFM/NST/006: Perception of Nursing Services among Patients Receiving Care in Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Idi-Araba, Lagos
Ibeabuchi Chinazum Esther
Department of Nursing, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.
Ethical clearance number: et7hical clearance from LUTH IRB
Introduction: The patients' perception of the quality of nursing services is increasingly seen as an important measure in examining quality of health care. Perceptions of the quality of care are influenced by the expectations of the person who uses care as well as actual nature of the care being received. No longer is it desirable or acceptable for health care professionals to be the sole judges of the quality care provided in the hospital. Methods: This is a cross-sectional descriptive study designed to assess patient’s perception of nurses/nursing services in Lagos University Teaching Hospital. The sample consists of 111 patients of LUTH. Data was collected with the aid of a structured self-administered questionnaire developed by the researcher and hypothesis generated was tested using chi-square at 0.05 p value. Result: Majority of the respondents 75 (64.1%) were male while 42 (35.9%) were females, the study also showed that majority of the respondents 77 (65.8%) have positive perception of nursing services while 40 (34.2/0) have negative perception. The hypothesis generated in this study revealed that; there is a statistically significant association between patients' perception of nursing services and their length of stay on admission with a p-value of 0.005. Conclusion: This study gives valuable insight into patients perception of overall aspect and various dimensions of nursing services: The test of significant relationship between the variables showed that patients' perception of nursing services was statistically associated with patients' age, length of stay on admission and their gender.
ABS/LFM/HCF/007: Community Based Health Insurance Scheme: Knowledge, Concerns and Uptake Amongst Residents of Tolu Community in Ajeromi-Ifelodun LGA, Lagos State
Jibowu Fatimo, P. C. Campbell1, O. J. Kanma-Okafor1
Department of Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, 1Department of Community Health and Primary Care, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.
Background/Objectives: Community based social health insurance has been designed to achieve Universal Health Coverage in many low income, middle income countries. This is primarily targeted towards people in the informal sector. In Nigeria, Coverage with CBHIS has been low, with a problem of under-utilization as fewer people are willing to contribute to the scheme. This study was done to assess the knowledge, concerns and uptake of CBHIS among residents of Tolu community. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study. Multi-stage random sampling technique was used to select 348 respondents used for this study. Data was collected using interviewer-administered questionnaires and analysis was carried out using Epi Info 7 statistical software. Results: Only 33.1% of the respondents had good knowledge of the scheme. Few respondents had concerns about the scheme, with the most frequent (12.1%) being the premium was too high. A low Uptake of the Scheme was observed, only 10.6% of the respondents were enrolled and had renewed their premium while 8.4% though enrolled had not renewed their premium, over half (51.7%) reported that they had not renewed their premium because they had not been ill since enrolment. There was a statistically significant association between knowledge and uptake of CBHIS. Conclusion: This study shows that fully enrolled users were more likely to be respondents with good knowledge. Focused awareness campaigns on the concepts of CBHIS are recommended to enable a proper grasp of the scheme. This should translate into an improvement in the uptake of the scheme.
ABS/LFM/MNL/009: Knowledge and Attitude Towards Mental Disorders among Adults in An Urban Community in Southwest Nigeria
O. Mojiminiyi Iyanuoluwa, E. Ogunnowo Babatunde, R. Balogun Mobolanle
Department of Community Health and Primary Care, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
Background/Objectives: Mental disorders are one of the most ignored public health issues worldwide. The burden is ever increasing and it poses a major threat on health, social interactions and the economy of both developed and developing countries. This study is aimed at assessing the knowledge and attitude towards mental disorders among adults residing in an urban local government area in Lagos, southwest Nigeria. Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study. Multistage sampling was used to select 242 adults who were interviewed with a structured questionnaire and data collected was analysed using Epi- info version 7 statistical software. Associations between socio-demographic variables and knowledge and attitudes towards mental disorders were assessed using Chi-squared test at a level of significance of 0.05. Results: Almost all respondents (95.5%) in this study were aware of mental disorders while 31.0% were related to someone with a mental disorder. About half (51.2%) of the respondents had poor knowledge of mental disorders while majority (90.0%) had positive attitudes. There was a positive association between having a relative with mental disorder and level of knowledge (p=0.010). Conclusion: There were knowledge gaps of mental disorders in the community. It is recommended that health workers should educate the community on the causes, symptoms, effects and proper treatment options for mental disorders.
ABS/LFM/NST/010: Perception of Nurse Staffing and its effect on Health Outcome Among Patients in Lagos University Teaching Hospital Idi-Araba, Lagos State
Abazie Ogechi, Eppie Williamson Ejenwi1
Departments of Nursing Science and 1Nursing, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.
Ethical clearance number: ethical clearance from LUTH IRB
Introduction: Inadequate nurse staffing levels are known to influence the rate of heart attack, falls, medication errors and respiratory infections as well as overall mortality. A patient risk of dying within 30 days of admission increased by 7% for every patient added to a nurse’s workload. This research therefore, is focused of knowing the view of the patients in Lagos University Teaching Hospital on the topic and the impact this public health problem has on their health outcomes. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study design. The sample size was estimated using the total enumeration method, which means that the total population of the selected wards were used. Each selected ward had a total of 30 patient. The samples consist of 150 patients of LUTH. Data was collected using a self-structured questionnaire developed by the researcher and hypotheses generated were tested using chi-square at 0.05 p value. Result: Majority of the respondents 87.32% have negative perception while only 12.68% have positive perception of inadequate nurse staffing. In the 20% case examined, low staffing had a negative impact on (patients' health outcomes) unit admissions, transfers and discharges. The hypothesis generated revealed that; there is significant association between effect of inadequate Nurse staffing and patients' health outcomes (p = 0.013). Conclusion: This information can be used by decision makers to make informed choices in terms of adjusting nurse staffing levels and increasing nurse recruitment while optimizing quality of care and improving patient satisfaction.
ABS/LFM/NST/011: Perception and Practice of Self Medication among Nursing Students in Lagos University Teaching Hospital
Abazie Ogechi, Adebayo Olajumoke Tolulope1
Departments of Nursing Science and 1Nursing, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.
Ethical clearance number: ethical clearance from LUTH IRB
Introduction: Self-medication is fast becoming an increasingly important area in health care. Based on several researches self-medication is observed to be a global problem. It has been observed that the level of literacy increases the chances of self-medication. Prevalence of self-medication is high among professional students which include nursing, medicine, pharmacy, physiotherapy and radiography students. Methods: This is a cross-sectional descriptive study, designed to assess the perception and practice of self-medication among student nurses in school of Nursing (SON) Lagos University Teaching Hospital. The sample consists of 160 nursing students of LUTH. Data was collected using a self-structured questionnaire developed by the researcher and hypothesis generated was tested using T-test at 0.05 p-value. Result: The study shows that majority of the respondents 130 (89%) have negative perception towards self-medication while 16 (11%) have positive perception, that is majority of the respondents do not like the idea of self-medication and majority of the respondents 90 (61.6%) have good practice on self-medication while 56 (38.4%) have poor practice. The hypotheses however prove that there is a statistically significant association between respondents' class level and their perception towards self-medication with a p-value of 0.000, There is no statistically significant association between respondents' class level and their practice on self-medication with a p-value of 0.152. Conclusion: The findings of this study show that majority of the students have a negative perception towards self-medication and majority of the students reported their practice of self-medication, hence, they have good self-medication practices.
ABS/LFM/CVD/016: Prevalence of Hypertension and Behavioural Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors Among Adults in An Urban Community in Nigeria
Oladunjoye M. Olayinka, Ogunyemi O. Adedoyin, Balogun R. Mobolanle, Oshati F. Oyindamola
Department of Community Health and Primary Care, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.
Background/Objectives: To determine the prevalence of hypertension and other associated cardiovascular disease risk factors among adults in Somolu Local Government Area, Lagos State, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study carried out in Somolu Local Government Area, Lagos State, Nigeria. A total of 215 respondents participated in this study and respondents were selected using a multi stage sampling technique. The data was collected via the use of a validated, semi-structured questionnaire to elicit information on patients' socio-demographic characteristics and prevalence of some behavioural risk factors. The respondent’s blood pressure, height and weight were also measured. The data was analysed using Epi-info 2007 statistical software. Results: The prevalence of hypertension was 20.5% while the prevalence of other cardiovascular risk factors among the respondents were; overweight and obesity 27.0% and 15.8% respectively, physical inactivity 82.3%, unhealthy diet 74.9%, excessive alcohol consumption 11.5% and tobacco smoking 5.6%. There was a statistically significant association between increasing age, marital status, high body mass index and hypertension: The prevalence of hypertension was highest in the ≥80 age group 50.0% (p =< 0.001), in the widowed category 80.0% (p=0.001), and in the overweight and obese BMI group 23.7% and 38.2% respectively (p = 0.009). Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of behavioural cardiovascular disease risk factors among the respondents. There is need to tackle behavioural factors by proper education of the public on the importance of primary preventive practices in reducing the prevalence of cardiovascular disease.
ABS/LFM/MNL/017: Knowledge, Attitude and Prevalence of Eating Disorders in Adolescent Females in An All-Girls Secondary School in Lagos Mainland Local Government Area
Amuta Jemima
Department of Community Health and Primary Care, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos State, Nigeria
Introduction: Eating disorders are behavioural or psychological patterns that are concerned with eating or weight that is associated with distress, disability, or with morbidity and death. It has been discovered that female adolescents are the most affected population. Despite the high prevalence, associated morbidity and mortality among adolescents, eating disorders continue to be under diagnosed by psychiatrists. The aim was to assess the level of knowledge and attitude of adolescent girls towards eating disorders, and to determine the prevalence of eating disorders in adolescent girls in an all-girls secondary school in Lagos Mainland Local Government Area, Lagos State. Materials and Methods: A descriptive study was carried out among 400 students in Queen’s College Yaba Lagos using the stratified sampling method. Data was collected using self-administered questionnaires and was analysed using Epi Info 7. Results: It was discovered that 24.3% had poor level of knowledge,70.3% had fair knowledge and 5.5% had good knowledge on eating disorders. It was observed that 22.8% had negative attitude and 71.2% have positive attitude towards people living with eating disorders. The prevalence of eating disorder from this study is 13.8%. Conclusion: Most students had fair knowledge on eating disorders and most of them had positive attitude towards persons living with eating disorders. The prevalence of eating disorders was high compared to developed countries. There should be an increase in educating people about eating disorders and specialists for treatment of these disorders in Nigeria.
ABS/LFM/CVD/018: Outcomes of Diabetic Inpatient Admission in A Nigerian Tertiary Hospital
Bolanle Okunowo, Ifedayo Odeniyi1, Olufemi Fasanmade1, Sandra Iwuala1, Augustine Ohwovoriole1
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Idi Araba, 1Department of Medicine, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos State, Nigeria.
E-mail: [email protected]
Background: Diabetic patients often need hospital admission for a variety of reasons. The outcome of the management of such patients is vitally important to all stakeholders. Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the burden and outcome of admissions of diabetic Nigerians admitted into a tertiary hospital. Methods: The inpatient records of diabetes mellitus (DM) patients admitted into the medical wards of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital in south-western Nigeria for two years, 2014 and 2015, were reviewed. The following data were obtained from the records - age and sex of patients, indication for admission, duration of stay in hospital, and outcome of inpatient management. Regarding outcome, 143 (56.7%) of the patients had complete data for analysis and these constituted a group for sub analysis. Results: During the period under review, 2232 patients were admitted into the medical wards of the hospital. Out of these, 252 (11.3%) were diabetic patients of which 108 (42.9%) were males and 144 (57.1%) were females. Of the 252 patients 143 had full data and they are further analysed for outcome of admission. Seventy-five (52.4%) patients were admitted on account of diabetic foot ulcers while 27 (18.9%) were admitted with a diagnosis of hyperglycaemic emergencies. The case fatality was 25 (17.5%). Conclusion: Diabetic foot ulcers and hyperglycaemic emergencies appear to constitute the main indications for admission of DM patients in Lagos. Case fatality rate associated with diabetic admissions is unacceptably high.
ABS/LFM/CVD/021: Knowledge Attitude and Preventive Practices Regarding Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors among Secondary School Teachers in Lagos Mainland LGA
O. O. B Onasanya, T. O. Odugbemi, O. O. Abiola
Department of Community Health and Primary Care, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos State, Nigeria.
Background: Cardiovascular disease are important causes of worldwide preventable morbidity and mortality due to the facts that majority of its risk factors are preventable. Cardiovascular diseases have become a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries and rates are expected to increase further over the next decades. This study was designed to determine the level of cardiovascular risk factors knowledge among secondary school teachers, to identify the attitude as it relates to the knowledge and to identify preventive practices among the secondary school teachers. Methods: This study was a descriptive, cross sectional study among 222 teachers in Lagos Mainland Local Government Area, selected using a stratified sampling technique. Data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire in June 2017 and analysed using Epi info 2007 software. Results: Majority, 125 (59.0%), were females. Many had heard about cardiovascular disease, 182 (85.9%). Majority, 117 (55.2%), check their blood pressure. Majority, 139 (65.6%) do not check their blood sugar level. Majority, 122 (57.5%) had not checked their blood cholesterol level before. Majority, 101 (55.5%), had good knowledge regarding cardiovascular risk factors while, 169 (92.9%), had positive attitude and 111 (52.4%) had good preventive practices. Conclusion: There is an urgent need to design and implement appropriate awareness, health education and programmes about cardiovascular risk factor and reinforce preventive strategies for teachers which should be worked into their activities.
ABS/LFM/MCS/022: Relationship of Back Pain Beliefs with Pain, Functional Disability and Quality of Life in Patients with Non-Specific Low Back Pain
Cozens Bankole Aiyejusunle, Oluseun Akinleye Fapojuwo, Gbenga Samson Omowole
Department of Physiotherapy, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.
E-mail: [email protected].
Ethical clearance number: ADM/DCST/HREC/APP/878
Background: Evidence pointing towards a more efficacious model of care using a biopsychosocial approach for Low Back Pain (LBP) management highlights the need to understand the pain-related beliefs of patients in the Nigerian environment. There is currently a paucity of data as concerning these beliefs and their relationship with LBP. This study was aimed at examining the relationship of Back Pain Beliefs (BPBs) with pain experience, disability and quality of life amongst patients with non-specific LBP. Materials and Methods: Two hundred and twenty-five patients with non-specific LBP participated in this study. Pain intensity, Beliefs about back pain, Functional disability and Quality of life were assessed with the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), Back Beliefs Questionnaire (BBQ), Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ) and WHO Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) respectively. Results: The mean BBQ score for this study was 33.0 ± 5.53. BBQ score was significantly correlated with NPRS score (r=-0.45, p=0.001), RMDQ score (r= -0.42, p =0.001), physical health domain of WHOQOL-BREF score (r=0.42, p=0.001), psychological domain of WHOQOL-BREF score (r=0.40, p=0.001), social relationship domain of WHOQOL-BREF score (r=0.21, p=0.001) and environmental domain of WHOQOL-BREF score (r=0.21, p=0.002). Conclusion: Patients in this study have positive views about their LBP and its consequences. Patients who have negative beliefs about LBP are likely to have higher pain intensity, functional disability and lower quality of life. Back Pain Beliefs may be considered in the management of non-specific LBP in this environment.
ABS/LFM/IFD/025: Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Prevention of Hepatitis B Virus among Residents of Imota Local Government Area
Sowunmi Oladimeji Rafiu, A. A. Roberts1 A. A.
Departments of Medicine and Surgery and 1Community Health, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.
Background: Hepatitis B virus infection is one of the global public health problems. It is an endemic disease in Asia and sub-Saharan Africa which includes Nigeria. The study aims to determine the knowledge, attitude and practices of prevention of hepatitis B virus and its complications among residents of Imota community. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional survey of residents of Imota was conducted in April 2016 using an interviewer-administered questionnaire that elicited information on the residents' socio-demographics, knowledge on hepatitis B, attitude towards hepatitis B, practice of prevention of hepatitis B, and willingness to be screened for hepatitis B. The study population consists of 200 aged 18 years and above who completed the survey instrument from out the 217 questionnaires that were administered. The retrieved questionnaires were all properly filled and therefore analysed using Epi info version 7. Results: Most respondents were males (54.5%), with 45.5% being females. The respondents had a mean age of 30 ± 9. Majority (23.0%) of the respondents were between the ages of 20-24 years of age. 9.0%, 20.5% and 29.0% had good knowledge, attitude and practice of prevention of hepatitis B respectively. Majority of the respondents indicated that they have not been screened (84.5%) nor vaccinated (92.0%). Conclusion: The results from the study showed poor knowledge, attitude and practice of prevention of hepatitis B among residents of Imota. Therefore, extensive health educational campaign should be provided to general population and especially to the residents of Imota community.
ABS/LFM/MNL/030: An Assessment of Quality of Life of Patient with Schizophrenia (With Or Without Diabetes Mellitus) From an Outpatient Clinic in Lagos, Nigeria
O. M. Ndupu, E. A. Campbell1, M. Bello-Mojeed, J. D. Adeyemi2
Federal Neuropsychiatry Hospital, Yaba, 1Department of Psychiatry, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, University of Lagos, 2Department of Psychiatry, Lagos University Teaching Hospital and College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.
Ethical clearance number: FNPHY/ERC/12/053
Introduction: Until recently, the treatment of schizophrenia has focused mainly on reducing positive symptoms leaving patients with numerous residual difficulties which impair on their daily living and functioning. These negative symptoms have a significant negative relationship with quality of life (QOL). Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic disorder with an increasing prevalence in schizophrenia. Patients with co-morbid DM and schizophrenia are reported to have a lower QOL. This study compares socio-demographic and clinical variables with QOL of patients with schizophrenia with/without DM attending the out-patient clinic of Federal Neuro-Psychiatry Hospital, Yaba. Methodology: One hundred (100) participants with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition (DSM-IV) criteria for schizophrenia were recruited (fifty had World Health Organization diagnostic criteria for DM). They were group matched for age and gender and interviewed with socio-demographic/clinical questionnaire and WHOQOL (Bref). Data was analysed using SPSS-20. Result: Patients with DM have consistently lower QOL in the overall QOL and all the facets but this is not statistically significant. Independent significantly associated factors for QOL in DM participant were marital status (p= 0.014), income (p= 0.048) and perceived social support (p= 0.003 overall domain and p=0.014 social domain) while duration of mental illness (p= 0.028) and education (p=0.044) were for those without DM. Conclusion: QOL is low in patients with co-morbid DM as compared with those without DM. Social support for patient with comorbidity needs to be researched into to improve their QOL.
ABS/LFM/MNL/031: Estimating the Weighted Prevalence of Psychological Distress using Two-Phase Studies in Breast Cancer Patients
O. A. Fatiregun, O. P. Ogunnubi, O. A. Fatiregun, B. O. Oyatokun, O. D. Oni, A. R. Erinfolami, J. D. Adeyemi
Department of Psychiatry, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria
Ethical clearance number: LREC/10/06/223
Background: When it becomes clearly impossible or difficult to conduct a comprehensive evaluation on all the participants in a huge random sample of the population, a two-phase survey becomes necessary. It is thus a veritable method in truly assessing many psychological distresses. The study aims at determining the prevalence, sensitivity and specificity of anxiety disorder in patients with breast cancer using the two-phase design method. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study of 200 patients diagnosed with breast cancer attending the oncology out-patients' clinic of the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja-Lagos, Nigeria. Ethical approval and informed consent were obtained. The information required was gathered using the needed questionnaires. Data analysis was done using the statistical package for social sciences; SPSS 16. Results: The mean age for the subjects was 49.6±11.2 years. Using HADS with a threshold score of ≥8, 53 subjects (26.5%) met the criteria for probable anxiety disorders, of which when interviewed with the SCAN, 38 met the diagnostic criteria for anxiety disorder. The sensitivity and specificity of HADS in this study was 0.97 and 0.47 respectively. Conclusions: The results show that prevalence of anxiety disorders can be determined with greater precision using the two-phase design approach than traditional single-phase design and that it is significantly high among this population group. Diagnostic tools like SCAN should be incorporated in the assessment protocols for patients with breast cancer and other forms of illnesses.
ABS/LFM/MNL/032: A Comparative Study of Self Stigma in Schizophrenia Patients with and Without Co-Morbid Diabetes Mellitus in Lagos, Nigeria
O. M. Ndupu, E. A. Campbell1, M. Bello-Mojeed, J. D. Adeyemi2
Federal Neuropsychiatry Hospital, Yaba, 1Department of Psychiatry, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, 2Department of Psychiatry, Lagos University Teaching Hospital and College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.
Ethical clearance number: FNPHY/ERC/12/053
Background: Schizophrenia is one of the most stigmatizing mental conditions involving stereotypes, prejudices and discrimination. Individuals with schizophrenia are more likely to have co-existing diabetes mellitus (DM). DM also experience stereotypy and discrimination. This could lead to isolation, unemployment, low income and unwillingness to seek treatment which can negatively affect adherence to medical services. This study compares self-stigma in patients with schizophrenia and co-morbid DM and those without DM attending the out-patient clinic of Federal Neuro-psychiatry Hospital, Yaba. Methodology: One hundred participants with schizophrenia with and without DM were recruited. The two groups were interviewed with socio-demographic/clinical questionnaire and Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness (ISMI). Data was analysed using SPSS-20. Result: The participants with DM had statistically significantly higher mean scores in overall self-stigma and all the subscales except stigma resistance compared to those without DM. Independent significantly associated factors of self-stigma and its subscales in DM participants were marital status, income, relapse episode of schizophrenia and family history of mental disorder. For the without DM group, statistical significant association for self-stigma were educational level, duration of schizophrenia and relapse episode of schizophrenia. Conclusion: Self-stigma is common in individuals with schizophrenia with and without co-morbid DM. DM appears to present an additional burden in individuals with schizophrenia in self-stigma. There is a need for more concerted attention to the issues of self-stigma in individuals with schizophrenia with or without co-morbid diabetes.
ABS/LFM/PDT/033: Quality of Record Keeping in Cases of Children with Cerebral Palsy in The Physiotherapy Department of Lagos University Teaching Hospital
Ileyemi Babatunde Lekan, Aiyejusunle Cozens Bankole, Lawal Funmilola Olanrewaju
Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.
Ethical clearance number: ADM/DCST/HREC/APP/742
Background: Records/documents are very important tools for all health care professions. These records are essential for ensuring that each patient’s assessed needs are met comprehensively, effective communication and quality physiotherapy care, but are still found to be of low priority, poorly maintained, and low in quality. This study was designed to determine the quality of record keeping/documentation in cases of children with cerebral palsy in the paediatric outpatient unit of the Physiotherapy Department of Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH), Idi-Araba, Lagos. Methods: One hundred and seventy-five (175) case notes were obtained. Documentation in the case notes were studied, extracted and compared with the standard in the modified Tonk Score questionnaire. Descriptive statistics of frequency and percentage were used to summarize the data obtained. The data obtained was analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 22.0. Results: This study found that over the years, the quality of record keeping/documentation has been predominantly poor. The class/type of cerebral palsy (84%), patient’s phone number (86.9%), timing of initial entry (96.6%), duration of intervention (97.1%), next appointment (100%), home programme plan (100%), and timing of subsequent entries (97.1%) were the items found to be least recorded. Conclusions: It was concluded that the quality of record keeping/documentation in cases of children with cerebral palsy in the paediatric outpatient unit of the Physiotherapy Department of LUTH, has been very poor over the years and vital information is being left out during documentation.
ABS/LFM/RRT/036: A Study of Anxiety and Depression among those Undergoing Radiological Investigations in A Tertiary Hospital
E. Ogbolu Raphael, Omidiji Olubukola Abeni Titilayo1
Department of Psychiatry, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Idi-Araba, 1Department of Radiation Biology, Radiotherapy, Radiodiagnosis and Radiography, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.
Background: Patients who come for radiological investigations often have anxiety due to a number of factors - the fear of hospitals, injections, diagnosis or being in an enclosed space. Such anxiety needs to be allayed to prevent delays, incomplete tests or cancellations. The study aims to assess the prevalence of anxiety and depression amongst patients undergoing radiological investigations in a tertiary hospital. Methods: 203 literate, consenting adults 18 years and older who presented to the Radiology Department, LUTH between May and November 2016 were recruited consecutively. Children and adults who could not read/write were excluded. Instrument used was a questionnaire containing questions on sociodemography, STAI and HADS. Data was analysed using SPSS for windows version 18. Results: The mean HADS score for anxiety was 5.0 + 4.4 (Range 0-12), and for depression the mean score was 5.2 + 4.3 (Range 0-19). 29 (14.3%) respondents screened positive for depression while 27 (13.3%) had suspected borderline depression. Anxiety and Depression was commonest among those with an unknown diagnosis, (4.4% and 6.4% respectively). The mean STAI score was 46.48 + 7.2 (Range 25-67). 30 (14.8%) respondents had anxiety, while 27 (13.3%) were borderline. 93 (45.8%) had state anxiety; commonest among those with unknown diagnoses (15.3%). Depression was mostly seen among those undergoing MRI (6.9%). p< 0.05. Conclusion: State anxiety is quite common and should be addressed among subjects going for radiological investigations, especially those with an unknown diagnosis. A pre-test counselling session is a good recommendation for such patients to allay the anxiety.
ABS/LFM/MNL/037: Mental Health Awareness: Assessing the Attitude and Role of Traditional Beliefs in Mental Healthcare among Rural Women in Lagos, Nigeria
V. Oyewale Damilola, P. Okafor Ifeoma, Ogunyemi Doyin
Department of Community Health and Primary Care, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.
Background: Mental Health is usually an under-stated aspect of general wellbeing especially in developing countries, where mental illness constitutes a huge health and economic burden. This study aims to determine the knowledge and attitude towards mental health and the role of traditional beliefs among women in Epe Local Government Area (LGA). Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional, community-based study carried out in 2016. Multistage sampling method was used to select the 271 women who participated in the study. Data collection was done with structured, pre-tested, interviewer-administered questionnaire and analysed with Epi-info 7. Summary and inferential statistics were done and level of significance was set at 5% (P<0.05). Results: About one-third (35.18%) had good knowledge about mental health; 26.48% had positive attitude towards mental healthcare, and traditional beliefs played a major role in mental healthcare among these rural women. Conclusion: Respondents had poor knowledge and attitude which are influenced by their traditional beliefs. There is need for better awareness.
ABS/LFM/IFD/039: Hand Hygiene Compliance among Nursing Undergraduates in College of Medicine University of Lagos
Ademuyiwa Iyabo, O. Quadri Yaqub
Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Idi Araba, Lagos, Nigeria.
Background: Hand hygiene practices of health care workers has been shown to be an effective measure in preventing hospital acquired infection. However, despite the relative simplicity of this procedure, compliance with hand hygiene among health care providers is low. This study assessed the compliance of hand hygiene practice among undergraduate nurses in CMUL. Materials and Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study. WHO Hand Hygiene Questionnaire for Health Care Workers was administered to undergraduate nurses in CMUL and analysed using SPSS® version 21. Categorical variables were tested for statistical significance using chi-square at 0.05 p-value. Results: One hundred and forty-one respondents had a good knowledge of hand hygiene compliance, 51 (36.2%) of the respondents demonstrated good practice of hand hygiene compliance while 90 (63.8%) of the respondents' practice of hand hygiene compliance was poor. There was a statistically significant association between the respondent’s academic level and knowledge on hand hygiene compliance (P < 0.001) and between the respondent’s knowledge and practice on hand hygiene compliance (P < 0.001). Conclusion: The respondents' academic level and knowledge positively impacts on their compliance with hand hygiene practices. Undergraduate nursing curriculum should emphasize this important infection control technique.
ABS/LFM/NST/040: Perception of Lagos University Teaching Hospital Nurses about Entrepreneurship in Nursing
O. M. Mobolaji-Olajide, J. N. Udeh
Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.
Ethical clearance number: NHREC:19/12/2008a
Introduction: Despite the immense and significant role played by nurses in the health care delivery, their specialist capability is often underutilized; and that brought about the curiosity of why nurses can’t practice entrepreneurship in nursing unlike other profession. Nursing entrepreneurship is essential towards effective healthcare delivery, professional advancement and autonomy. This study therefore aims at assessing the knowledge and perception of nurses in Lagos University Teaching Hospital about the significance of entrepreneurship in nursing. Methodology: This was a non-experimental descriptive study of 121 Nurses. Multistage stage sampling technique was used for data collection and the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 20.0 was used for data analysis with the level of statistical significance set at 0.05. Results: 79% of nurses have good knowledge about entrepreneurship in nursing. The major barrier to becoming a good entrepreneur as observed by the respondents was inadequate finance for a start-up (53%). Legal issue was another challenge hindering the nurses from becoming an entrepreneur. Conclusion: The Nurses in Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH) had good knowledge of who a nurse entrepreneur should be; however, the respondents identified the barriers that prevented them from exploiting and utilize the available opportunity.
ABS/LFM/NST/041: Knowledge and Perceived Qualities in Mentorship among Nursing Students in College of Medicine, University of Lagos
O. M. Mobolaji-Olajide, L. V. Onokpite
Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.
Ethical clearance number: ADM/DCST/HREC/APP/1175
Introduction: The need for newly qualified Nurses and Nursing Students to cope with integration into the profession is really a major challenge; and most often that the performance of the students does not really reflect the evidence of mentorship. A well-functioning student–mentor relationship would therefore be a good tool to provide this support. The aim of this study therefore was to assess the knowledge of mentorship and perceived qualities of mentors among nursing students in University of Lagos. Methodology: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study of 13 male and 98 female Nursing students of the college of Medicine. Respondents were selected through multi-stage sampling technique. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data. SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Services) version 20.0 was used for data analysis and the level of statistical significance was set at 5%. Results: Three-quarter had a good knowledge of mentorship in nursing while One-quarter had poor knowledge of mentorship. Majority (85.6%) of the respondents identified “good communication skills'’ as the most important quality of a mentor while sense of humour was identified as the least important by the respondents. Conclusion: The Nursing Students had good knowledge of mentorship and the right qualities that must be exhibited by a good mentor.
ABS/LFM/CVD/043: Physical Activity and Eating Patterns among Church Parishioners in Two Orthodox Churches in Lagos State: A Case for Church-Based Interventions
Odukoya Olukemi, Olubodun Tope1
Department of Community Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, University of Lagos, 1Department of Community Health, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria.
Background: Physical inactivity and unhealthy dietary habits are leading risk factors for non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Most Nigerians are religiously affiliated and religious environments may play an important role in promoting healthy habits however, few evidence-based church-based interventions addressing physical activity and unhealthy eating exist in Nigeria. We assessed the physical activity and dietary patterns among a sample of church parishioners in a bid to provide baseline data to inform the development of a church-based intervention to promote physical activity and healthy eating. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive survey was conducted among 293 adult parishioners in two randomly selected churches in the Anglican Communion. Self-administered questionnaires were distributed to eligible and consenting parishioners during church Sunday services using a convenient sampling technique. Data was analysed using SPSS 17.0. Results: The mean age of the respondents was 46.8 ± 19.3 years. Respondents were mostly female (67.9%), married (67.3%) and had at least a secondary level of education (99.7%). Only 52.9% performed either moderate/vigorous physical activity on at least 3 days a week. Majority (64.5%) spent ≥ 2 hours/day on sedentary activities. Many consumed fried foods (40.6%), sugary drinks (35.5%) and salty foods (21.2%) on at least 3 days/week. Less than a quarter consumed fresh fruits (17.7%), fresh vegetables (14.3%) or cooked vegetables (21.8%) on most days. Conclusions: Many of the parishioners sampled were physically inactive and exhibited unhealthy eating habits. This highlights the need for effective church-based interventions to promote physical activity and healthy eating.
ABS/LFM/NST/044: Factors Influencing Triage Decision making in Emergency Care among Nurses in Lagos University Teaching Hospital
I. Y. Ademuyiwa, O. C. Anolue
Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, CMUL, Lagos, Nigeria.
Introduction: The emergency department is a busy unit in the hospital and it takes an experienced emergency nurse who is well trained on triage system to function optimally. This study assessed factors influencing decision making in triage system among emergency nurses in Lagos University Teaching Hospital. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study. Questionnaires were used to elicit information on the factors influencing triage decision making among nurses in the emergency room of LUTH. Sampling technique was total enumeration technique involving all 75 emergency nurses. Data collected was analysed using SPSS version 22. Chi-square test was used for test of association at P<0.05. Results: Personal factors influencing triage decision are level of education 67.1%, years of experience 72.9% and special training 80%. Other factors affecting triage accuracy by nurses according to respondents include: overcrowding (45.7%); presence of patients' relatives (47.1%) and availability of personal protective equipment (72.9%). There is no statistically significant association between personal and external factors influencing triage decision making in LUTH p>0.05. Conclusion: There are personal and external factors that influence triage decision. Nurses working at the emergency department should go for training and update courses to improve their knowledge and application of triage in the emergency department.
ABS/LFM/MCS/045: Risk of Depression and Subjective Quality of Life among Attendees of A West African Glaucoma Clinic
Taiwo O. Akindipe, Olatunji F. Aina1, Adeola O. Onakoya2
Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa, 1Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, 2Department of Ophthalmology (Guinness Eye Centre), CMUL/LUTH, Lagos, Nigeria.
E-mail: [email protected]
Background: Glaucoma is a common cause of blindness. In West Africa, patients often present late with associated psychological effects that may affect their quality of life. Methods: This study was carried out among consenting patients aged ≥ 18years attending the glaucoma clinic and age/sex-matched controls who had cataract attending the general ophthalmology clinic of Lagos University Teaching Hospital. The participants were assessed with Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) and World Health Organization Quality of Life-bref (WHOQoL-bref). Results: One hundred subjects with glaucoma and one hundred controls were studied. The median age was 59.0 years with a male to female ratio of 1.04:1. Forty-nine (49%) had severe glaucoma. Forty-seven (47%) were visually impaired of which twenty-one (21%) had monocular blindness and three (3%) had bilateral blindness. Twenty-two (22%) subjects and eleven (11%) controls had an SDS score ≥ 40 which was indicative of depression. This was statistically significant (X2 =4.391, df = 11, p = 0.036). Using the WHOQoL-bref, the quality of life was poor and fair in twenty-seven (27%) and fifty-six (56%) subjects respectively compared to eight (8%) and eighty (80%) controls. This difference was statistically significant. (X2 = 15.412, df = 2, p = 0.0001). Conclusion: This study showed high risk of depression and poor quality of life in the subjects compared to controls. Almost half of the subjects presented late with severe glaucoma. Screening of at-risk individuals for early detection and health education for early presentation is recommended.
ABS/LFM/CVD/047: Relationship between Corneal Sensitivity and Diabetic Retinopathy among Diabetics attending A West African Teaching Hospital
M. O. Salami, O. T. Aribaba, K. O. Musa, A. Rotimi-Samuel, A. O. Onakoya1
Department of Ophthalmology, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, 1Department of Nursing Science, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
Background: Corneal sensitivity is important in the prevention and healing of epithelial erosions especially among diabetics. This study was conducted to determine the factors affecting corneal sensitivity among diabetics in a Nigerian teaching hospital. Methods: This was a hospital-based case-control study comparing corneal sensitivity in diabetics and their age-sex matched controls. Subjects were selected based on stipulated inclusion and exclusion criteria. Ethical clearance for the study was obtained from the Health Research and Ethical Committee of Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH). Sample size was determined by comparison of proportions. Consecutive consenting patients who met the inclusion criteria were recruited till sample size was attained. The recruitment was from Diabetic Eye Clinic and Medical Out-Patients Department. Basic demographic data, diabetic history and ocular symptoms were elicited. Diabetic status of the patient was assessed by measuring the fasting blood sugar with glucometer and HbA1c was retrieved from case notes. These subjects were re-examined and their corneal sensitivity was measured with Cochet-Bonnet aesthesiometer in good illumination. Results: One hundred and twenty patients were recruited in each group. The mean age of respondents for both cases and controls was 56.8 ± 8.3 years. The mean cornea sensitivity among diabetics was 52.6 ± 6.9 mm, which was statistically lower than the mean cornea sensitivity among controls - 58.2 ± 3.0 mm (p-value < 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that age, sex, duration of diabetes, fasting blood sugar and level of 2-hour post-prandial blood sugar was associated with cornea sensitivity. Conclusion: Mean corneal sensitivity was found to be lower among diabetic compared to their controls.
ABS/LFM/MNL/048: A Study of The Psychological Wellbeing of Youths in Motor Parks in Ojodu Lcda, Lagos State
E. Olamide Idow, E. E. Ekanem, Yewande Oshodi, Oluchi Kanma-Okafor, Akinlawon Oluwadamilola, O. Akinsola, D. C. Dolapo
Department of Community Health and Primary Care, CMUL, Lagos, Nigeria
Ethical clearance number: ADM/DCST/HREC/APP/236
Background: The youth phase is a critical period in which transition from childhood dependence to adulthood’s independence occurs. Epidemiologic research reveals that 20% of the world’s youth experience a mental health condition. This study was carried out to assess psychological wellbeing and factors associated with psychological disorders among youth in motor parks in Ojodu LCDA, Lagos state. Methodology: This study was a descriptive cross-sectional study. Multistage sampling method was used to select participants. Their psychological wellbeing and associated factors were assessed with the aid of an interviewer administered questionnaire adapted from standard and validated questionnaires. Data were entered into Microsoft Excel software and analysed using SPSS version 20. Prevalence of disorders were determined from the frequency tables while logistic and multivariable regression analysis were used to determine the predictors of psychological disorders among the respondents. The level of significance was set at p<0.05. Results: Prevalence of psychological disorders among the respondents were 35%, 41% and 14% for depression, anxiety disorder and suicidal behaviour symptoms respectively. Factors found to be predictors of psychological disorders were male gender (P<0.05), selling items in motor-park (P<0.05), growing up with extended family (P<0.01), bullying (P<0.05), forced sex (P=0.001) and disability (P<0.01). Conclusion: Stressors faced by youth in motor parks predispose them to poor psychological wellbeing. The need for a positive supervisory role and the right environment for youth development cannot be overemphasized. Early diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders, stringent measures against abuse among children and youth and awareness are recommended.
ABS/LFM/NCM/049: Ocular Surface Disease in A Teaching Hospital in Lagos, Nigeria
O. T. Ilo, O. T. Aribaba, T. M. Abikoye, M. T. Aina, A. O. Oyefeso, A. A. Abudu, A. O. Fagade, S. T. Agboola
Background: To determine the prevalence and identify risk factors for Ocular Surface Disease (OSD) in new patients presenting at Lagos University Teaching hospital (LUTH). Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive hospital-based survey was conducted at the Guinness Eye Centre, LUTH between November 2015 and November 2016. The participants comprised patients aged 16 years and above. The participant’s socio-demographic data were obtained and Ocular surface disease was assessed using the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI), Shirmer’s Test and Tear Film Break Up Time (TFBUT). An OSDI score of ≥50 with a TFBUT of <10 seconds or Shirmer’s Test reading of <10mm was considered diagnostic of OSD. A p value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 300 eyes of 150 patients comprising 65 males and 85 females were analysed. The average age was 47.4 ± 18.2 years and age range 16-84 years. The prevalence of OSD was 54.3%. It was significantly associated with a mean age of 50.3 years (p value = 0.031). The prevalence of OSD increased per decade of life and was seen in 72.2% of patients above 70 years of age, was associated with female gender (prevalence of 56.5%), use of screen based technology (55.7%) and cigarette smoking (odds ratio of 3.53). The positive predictive value of the OSDI was 53.2%. Conclusion: The study reiterates the importance of a high index of suspicion in patients with risk factors for OSD. Therefore, such patients should be screened irrespective of their symptoms.
ABS/LFM/SST/051: Sphenoid Wing Meningioma in Lagos
B. Adetunmbi, E. O. Andero, A. Oseni, O. A. Ojo, O. B. Bankole, J. O. Olatosi, A. Adesida, O. O. Kanu
Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Lagos and Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria.
Background: Sphenoid wing meningiomas (SWMs) constitute about 14% to 20% of intracranial meningiomas. In sub-saharan Africa, very late presentation is common with involvement of the cavernous sinus, internal carotid artery (ICA), and visual pathway. Total excision is challenging, resulting in high morbidity and a high rate of regrowth or recurrence. Patients and Methods: Patients diagnosed with sphenoid wing meningioma within the study between February 2008 and December 2016 in Lagos were included in this study. Demographic, clinical, radiological parameters and outcome data were collected and analysed. Results: A total of 35 patients seen (26F, 9M), 8 of whom rejected treated or opted for treatment elsewhere. Twenty-seven patients underwent surgical treatment, 21F, 6M (3.5:1). Four of the patients had recurrent or progressing disease after previous surgical therapy before referral. Over 70% of operated cases had varying degrees of calcification or ossification Age range was 18 yrs to 76 yrs, with a mean age of 52 yrs. Tumor was right sided in 9 cases and Left sided in 18 cases. Simpson Grade I & II was achieved in 19 patients (81.5%). The histological subtypes were Meningiothelial 22/27 (81.5%) and Fibroblastic 5/27 (18.5%) There were 3 perioperative deaths (11.1%), and 19of the operated patients (70.4%) had complete resolution of symptoms. Conclusion: By aiming for extensive resection, good disease control with minimal morbidity, good cosmetic and functional results can be achieved in most of cases. Patients with medial type and incomplete resection should be followed up with MRI to recognize recurrence early.
ABS/LFM/NST/052: Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Breast Self-Examination among Female and Male Undergraduate Nursing Students
Dooshima Gbahabo, Joy Maduewesi
Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.
Background: Breast Self-Examination (BSE) is an important all gender tool needed in prevention of breast cancer. It is an effective health promotion behaviour that enhances early detection of breast cancer. The aim of the study therefore, was to assess knowledge, attitude and practice of BSE among female and male undergraduate nursing students. Methods: The study was descriptive simple random involving 92 undergraduate nursing students. A self-administered 34 item questionnaire elicited information on variables among respondents. Data was entered with SPSS version 22, presented in frequency tables and percentages. Chi-square test determined relationship among variables at a p value of <0.05. Results: The mean age of respondents was (22.38 ± 5.04%). Males were (16, 17.4%) and females (76, 82.6%). There were 200 level (26, 88.3%), 300 level (23, 25%), 400 level (33, 35.5%) and 500 level (10, 10.9%). Over (87, 94.6%) respondents had heard, and (88, 95.7%) had good knowledge of BSE. Five percent males (5.4%) agreed that breast cancer could occur in male however; no male (16.0%) reported the practice of BSE. Overall positive attitude towards BSE (60, 65.2%), while (38, 41.3%) respondents had an overall good practice of BSE. There was statistically significant relationship between sex and practice of BSE, P= 0.00 and a statistically significant relationship between knowledge and practice, P=0.05. Conclusion: Knowledge and attitude towards BSE among students were good. However, no male student practiced SBE. Health care workers are important source of information on BSE.
ABS/LFM/CVD/053: Physical Fitness: Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of Bank Workers in Lagos, Nigeria
U. A. C. Okafor, A. I. Aiyegbusi, A. D. Uduchukwu, S. N. Oghumu
Department of Physiotherapy, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.
Background: Knowledge about physical fitness may play an important role in adults' fitness-related decisions and actions. Physical inactivity is a major risk factor for chronic non-communicable diseases. Studies have shown a steady decline in the life expectancy of individuals with sedentary lifestyle. This study is designed to evaluate the knowledge, attitude and practices of physical fitness among bank workers in Lagos State, Nigeria. Methodology: A cross-sectional descriptive survey design was employed in this study. Two hundred bank workers from ten different commercial banks within three Local Government Areas (Mushin, Yaba and Surulere) in Lagos State participated in this survey. The instrument for data collection was a 30-item close-ended, self-administered questionnaire, which comprised four domains with questions on participants' demographics, participants' knowledge on physical fitness, participants' attitude towards physical fitness and their exercise practices respectively. Data were presented using descriptive and inferential statistics. Level of significance was set at p<0.05. Result: Majority of the participants had a good knowledge and attitude towards physical fitness. Whereas 170 (93.4%) participants had good knowledge of physical fitness, 172 (94.5%) had a good attitude towards engaging in physical fitness. Majority (69.33%) engage in exercise activities once weekly. Again. Most (149, 81.9%) of the participants had a strong view that fitness training programmes are difficult to stick to. There was significant association (p = 0.003) between marital status and participant’s knowledge of physical fitness. Conclusion: Despite adequate knowledge and attitude of participants about physical fitness and its health benefits, exercise practice was low.
ABS/LFM/NCM/055: Knowledge Attitude and Exposure to Second Hand Smoke Among Senior Secondary School Students in Public Schools in Ajeromi Ifelodun Local Government
Marinze Sheila Amanda
Department of Medicine and Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
Background: Many non-smokers are killed annually as a result of exposure to second hand smoke (SHS). It is projected that low and middle-income countries will bear a major burden of tobacco related morbidity and mortality yet only limited information is available. School going adolescents are often understudied but may be at increased risk. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among 353 students in four schools in Ajeromi Ifelodun local government area using the multi stage sampling technique. Data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire adapted from global youth tobacco survey and analysed using Epi Info version 7. Results: Of the respondents 51.8% were males and 48.2% females, their age ranged from 12-20 years. More than half of the respondents (54.4%) had good knowledge of the associated health risks of SHS exposure. Approximately, two third of respondents (64.6%, 64%, 62.6%) were in favour of banning smoking in restaurants, clubs and outdoor public places respectively. Overall, 23.8% of students were exposed to SHS at home, while 64.6% and 71.1% were exposed to SHS at least a day in the past seven days in enclosed and outdoor public places respectively. Conclusion: Notwithstanding the good knowledge and attitude, the level of exposure in public places was still high, despite the national tobacco act passed in 2015, and the enactment of the no smoking law in 2014, Lagos state. Therefore, efforts to enforce the bans should be emphasized.
ABS/LFM/NST/056: Knowledge and Practice of Injection Safety among Nurses in A Tertiary Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria
Dooshima Gbahabo, Abdul Folakemi
Department of Nursing Science, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.
Background: It is indubitable that nurses constitute largest crop of healthcare providers in tertiary hospitals. Literature indicate that these nurses are exposed to unsafe injection practices which could have serious life- threatening implications. This study examined knowledge and practice of injection safety precautions among nurses in a tertiary hospital in Lagos State. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study that assessed injection safety practices among 240 randomly selected nurses from medical, surgical and paediatrics wards of a tertiary hospital. Data was collected using a pretested self-administered questionnaire. Questionnaires were proportionately distributed among the nurses. Relationships among variables were tested using chi-square statistical test at level of significance of 0.05. Result: A total of 240 nurses were studied from three wards, most of the respondents (85.8%) were females. 41.7% had 5 years working experience and 56% had post basic nursing training. 94.1% of the respondents had adequate knowledge of injection safety and practices, 95.3% had no history of needle stick injury at the time of the study. In this study, knowledge of injection safety had no statistically significant association with the practice of injection safety at P-value (0.47). Conclusion: Nurses in the tertiary hospital possessed a high level of knowledge of injection safety and practiced the prescribed standards of precautions for injection safety. However, their practice was not dependent on the knowledge of injection safety. It is therefore recommended that, periodic updates on injection safety practices should be maintained for the continuous positive outcomes for clients.
ABS/LFM/NST/057: Assessment of The Preventive Measures of Pressure Ulcers among Undergraduate Nurses in University of Lagos
Dooshima Gbahabo, Aderinsola Adepetun
Department of Nursing Science, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.
Introduction: Since the 20th century, decubitus ulcers have been listed as one of the costliest and physically debilitating complications. It is the main complication of prolonged hospital stay especially under challenging and compromised conditions and it is preventable. The study’s aim was to assess knowledge and barriers to preventive measures of decubitus ulcers among undergraduate nurses of the University of Lagos. Methods: The study was a cross-sectional quantitative descriptive study. Ethical approval was obtained. A non-probability sampling method was adopted. Eighty willing undergraduate nurses from 300 to 500 levels were recruited. Data was generated through a self-administered questionnaire. It was organized and entered in SPSS version 20 and analysed using analytical and inferential statistics. Hypotheses generated were tested using chi-square at 0.05 p-value. Results: Majority of female respondents (78.2%). 92.2% had good knowledge and (53.1%) respondents showed good practice of preventive measures of pressure ulcers. (93.8%) agreed that there were barriers to practice preventive measures of peptic ulcer. Some identified barriers: inadequate staff, time and other requirements. At a p-value of 0.013, the null hypothesis on association between knowledge of and practice of preventive measures was rejected. However, the study failed to reject the null hypothesis on the association between respondents' knowledge of pressure ulcer and their class level at a p-value of 0.210. Conclusion: The study revealed that even though undergraduate nurses had good knowledge of preventive measures and practices for pressure ulcer prevention, there were numerous barriers impeding effective care.
ABS/LFM/NCM/058: Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca in A Teaching Hospital in Lagos Nigeria
O. T. Ilo, O. T. Aribaba, T. M. Abikoye, M. T. Aina, A. O. Oyefeso, A. A. Abudu, A. O. Fagade, S. T. Agboola
Department of Ophthalmology, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria.
E-mail: [email protected]
Background/Objectives: To determine the prevalence and identify risk factors for Keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) in new patients presenting at Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH). Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive hospital-based survey was conducted at the Guinness Eye Centre, LUTH between November 2015 and November 2016. The participants comprised patients aged 16 years and above. The participant’s socio-demographic data were obtained and Keratoconjunctivitis sicca was assessed using the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI), Shirmer’s Test and Tear Film Break Up Time (TFBUT). An OSDI score of ≥50 with a TFBUT of <10 seconds or Shirmer’s Test reading of <10mm was considered diagnostic of KCS. A p value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 300 eyes of 150 patients comprising 65 males and 85 females were analysed. The average age was 47.4 ± 18.2 years and age range 16-84 years. The prevalence of KCS was 54.3%. It was significantly associated with a mean age of 50.3 years (p value = 0.031). The prevalence of OSD increased per decade of life and was seen in 72.2% of patients above 70 years of age, was associated with female gender (prevalence of 56.5%), use of screen technology (55.7%) and cigarette smoking (odds ratio of 3.53). The positive predictive value of the OSDI was 53.2%. Conclusion: The study reiterates the importance of a high index of suspicion in patients with risk factors for KCS. Therefore, such patients should be screened irrespective of their symptoms.
ABS/LFM/SST/059: Experience of Transphenoidal Pituitary Surgery in Lagos
B. O. Adebayo, M. A. Asha, J.O. Olatosi1, A. Adesida1, O. B. Bankole, O. O. Kanu
Departments of Surgery and 1Anaesthesia, Department of College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
Background: For many decades trans nasal approaches to the sellar region did not gain much attention in Nigeria either due to lack of necessary equipment or lack of expertise in some cases. This is a prospective audit of Trans nasal surgeries for pituitary macroadenoma in our centre, our experience so far and the lessons learned. Methods: An 8-year study of patients with pituitary lesions treated via trans nasal route between February 2009 and January 2017 was carried out. Patients' demographics, clinical features, radiologic imaging and hormone assays were documented. The procedures (microscopic or endoscopic procedures based on size of lesions and choice of the surgeon), outcomes and complications were documented. Results: There were 88 cases of pituitary Macroadenoma, 42 of which were giant pituitary adenomas. Age range was from 24 to 76 yrs. The major presenting features were visual impairment or total blindness, headaches, infertility and apoplexy. 32 patients underwent purely endoscopic procedures. The most common postoperative complication was transient diabetes insipidus. Other complications were headaches, transient cerebrospinal fluid leak in one patient, tension pneumocephalus, Subarachnoid haemorrhage, pan-hypopituitarism and death. Conclusions: Trans-sphenoidal approach is a safe and effective treatment for pituitary and other parasellar tumours.
ABS/LFM/VEE/060: Ebola Virus Disease: Knowledge, Attitude and Safety Practices among Students of A College of Education in Lagos State
B.V. Nwinee, A. O. Abiola, E. S. Oridota
Department of Community Health, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.
Background/Objectives: Ebola Virus Disease is a severe, notifiable, acute and often fatal illness in humans caused by the Ebola Virus. The broad objective of this study is to assess the knowledge, attitude and safety practises among Students of Adeniran Ogunsanya College of Education Otto/Ijanikin, Lagos State. Methods: Study design was a descriptive cross-sectional study among 362 students of the Adeniran Ogunsanya College of Education. Data collection was carried using a structured self-administered questionnaire. Knowledge, attitude and practice responses were scored and graded as good (≥50%) and poor (<50%). Data obtained was analysed with Epi info version 7 statistical software. P value ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Mean age of respondents was 21.43 ± 4.08 years. Majority of respondents had good knowledge (93.92%), good attitude (84.81%) and good safety practises (79.28%). Most common source of knowledge was verbal interactions with other students (98.9) and the least source of knowledge was the school notice board (56.91%). There was no statistical significant relationship between socio-demographic characteristics and knowledge of Ebola virus disease. There was statistically significant relationship between knowledge of Ebola virus disease and attitude of respondents. There was no statistical significance relationship between knowledge of Ebola virus disease and safety practises of the respondents. There was statistically significant relationship between attitude and preventive practises of respondents. Conclusion: Knowledge, attitude and practices of safety measures were good among majority of respondents. Personal interaction was the highest source of information on Ebola Virus Disease.
ABS/LFM/MNL/061: Knowledge, Prevalence and Factors Affecting Recreational Drug use among Senior Secondary School Students in Somolu LGA
M. Aranye-Okilo, A. O. Abiola, O. O. Ayankogbe, C. S. Umeh1
Department of Community Health and Primary Care, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.
Background: Recreational drug use among adolescents is a major public health concern in different parts of the world. The broad objective of this study is to assess the knowledge, prevalence and factors affecting recreational drug use among adolescents. Methods: This is a cross sectional descriptive survey among 360 students from two senior secondary schools in Somolu Local Government Area, Lagos State. Multistage sampling method was used for selection of study subjects. Data was collected using the adapted WHO 2013 Global school based Student health survey (GSHS) questionnaire and analysed using EPI-INFO version 7 statistical software package. Responses to the knowledge questions was scored and graded as good (≥50%) and poor (<50%). P value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Response rate was 99%. The mean age of the respondents was 15.4±1.3 years. Majority (84.62%) had good knowledge of recreational drugs. The most identified drug was Marijuana (60.61%) followed by cocaine (58.94%) then tobacco (58.10%). In lifetime usage, the most prevalent drug is alcohol (25.42%) followed by codeine (20.11%). For use in the last 12 months, Codeine has the highest prevalence of 11.07% for those who had used it experimentally followed by alcohol with 10.89%. High prevalence of alcohol is strongly associated with higher accessibility of the drug. Conclusion: Majority of respondents had a good knowledge of what a recreational drug is and its major effects. The most prevalent drug in this sampled population was alcohol followed by codeine.
ABS/LFM/MCS/062: Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Mothers Towards Immunization of Under -5 Children in Primary Health Care Centers in Ikorodu Local Government Area
O. A. Adefolalu, O. J. Kanma-Okafor, M. R. Balogun
Department of Community Health and Primary Care, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.
Background: Immunization is regarded as one of the most successful and cost-effective public health intervention which saves the lives of 3 million children annually. The objective of this study was to determine the knowledge, attitude and practice of mothers towards immunization of under five children in Ikorodu Local Government Area (LGA). Methods: A cross sectional descriptive study was carried out among 250 mothers of under-five children in Ikorodu LGA. An interviewer administered questionnaire was used as the survey tool. A multistage sampling technique was used. The entry and analysis of the data was done using EPI – Info. Chi square was used to test association. P-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: All respondents were aware of immunization. More than half (72%) of the respondents had good knowledge about the immunization of under five children. All mothers (100%) had positive attitude towards the immunization of under five children. About practices of childhood immunization, majority (86.4%) of the respondents had fully immunized their children. Maternal education was significantly associated with knowledge of childhood immunization (p=0.011). Conclusion: Most mothers studied had good knowledge, positive attitude and good practice towards childhood immunization. The education of women in general and specifically health education of mothers at health facilities should be intensified in order to improve knowledge about childhood immunization.
ABS/LFM/CVD/063: L-Arginine Supplementation Improves Endothelium Dependent Relaxation and Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Gene Expression in Sprague-Dawley Rats Fed
A. A. Adejare, A. K. Oloyo, C. N. Anigbogu, S. I. Jaja
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.
Ethical clearance number: CM/HREC/12/16/080
Background: Abnormal vascular reactivity and suppressed expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene are hallmark of salt-dependent hypertension in rats. Although L-arginine is a known vasodilator, the mechanism by which it modulates vascular reactivity in salt-dependent hypertension is not clearly understood. This study is designed to investigate the mechanism (s) by which oral L-arginine supplementation modulates vascular reactivity and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene expression in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats fed a high salt diet. Materials and Methods: 48 weanling 6 weeks old SD rats were divided into 6 groups of 8 rats each. Group I was fed with normal rat chow containing 0.3% NaCl. Group II was fed with high salt diet containing 8% NaCl. Groups III and IV were fed normal and high salt diet respectively then supplemented with L-arginine while Groups V and VI were fed normal and high salt diet respectively then co-administered with both L-arginine and L-NAME. Vascular reactivity studies as well as expression of eNOS were carried out in the abdominal aorta of the rats. Results: High salt diet significantly reduced (p<0.05) both endothelium dependent relaxation and eNOS gene expression in the abdominal aorta of the rats. However, L-arginine supplementation to the high salt fed rats improved vascular reactivity and increased eNOS gene expression. Conclusion: Results from this study suggest that oral supplementation of L-arginine reversed vascular function impairing effect of a high salt diet by improving vascular reactivity and eNOS gene expression.
ABS/LFM/SST/065: Five Year Prevalence of Macular Hole at The Lagos University Teaching Hospital
O. A. Adenekan, O. T. Ilo, A. Rotimi-Samuel, O. O. Amusan, Y. N. Odiaka
Department of Ophthalmology, LUTH, Lagos, Nigeria.
Background: Macular holes are a relatively common cause of central vision loss. This study aims to determine the prevalence of Macular Hole at the Lagos University Teaching Hospital over 5 years (January 2012 to December 2016) Methods: A 5-year retrospective, non-comparative review of all cases presenting to the retinal clinic and diagnosed with macular hole was carried out. Relevant information was extracted from the medical records and analysed using Epi-info 7. Result: Fifty–six eyes of 46 patients were diagnosed of macular hole between January 2012 and December 2016, as 10 patients had bilateral presentation. The mean age was 52 years (SD ± 10.42), with a male: female ratio of 1:1. Five eyes (8.9%) were diagnosed with Stage 1a macular hole and 5 eyes (8.9%) with Stage 2. Whereas, Stages 2, 3 and 4 macular holes were present in 9 (17.3%), 18 (34.6%) and 19 (36.5%) eyes respectively. Majority of the eyes (37.5%) suffered from either severe visual impairment or blindness (Visual Acuity <6/60). However, only 2 people referred for treatment could afford the cost. Conclusion: Advanced macular hole may be a significant cause of blindness and severe visual impairment. However, the resources to manage these cases are grossly lacking and where available are expensive. Thus, early detection, specialist training and cost subsidy by government may alleviate these difficulties and reduce visual loss.
ABS/LFM/SST/068: Management Outcome of Duodenal Atresia in A Low-Income Setting: Where do we go from Here?
A. O. Ademuyiwa, F. M. Alakaloko, O. A. Elebute, J. Seyi-Olajide, C. O. Bode
Department of Surgery.College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.
Background: The management of duodenal atresia in a low-income setting is still challenging. This study aims to evaluate the clinical presentation, diagnosis and its management outcome. Methods: Retrospective study from 2005 – 2015. Data including age, gender, clinical features, investigations, intra-operative level of obstruction and outcome from case notes and theatre records were analysed. Results: 331 neonates were admitted into the unit during the study period, 18 [5.4%] had duodenal atresia. 10 [55.6%] were males and 8 [44.4%] females. Eleven (61%) had duodenoduodenostomy while 7 (39%) had duodenal web excision. Mean age of presentation was 7.3 ± 4.6 days. Interval between presentation and surgery was (2-6 days), mean (3 ± 1.2 days). Causes of delayed presentation were delay in making diagnosis, financial constraint among others. Mean weight at surgery was (2.29 ± 0.5 kg). Eleven (61%) patients had type I while 7 (39%) had type III atresia; no type II atresia. One patient (5.6%) had associated annular pancreas, 3 (16.7%) had associated cardiac anomalies. Oral feeds were initiated in average 6.8 ± 1.5 post operative days. We had 2 reoperations, both from Anastomotic leak and both died. Parenteral nutrition was used in 11 (61.1%) patients 7 (38.9%) did not get TPN. Morbidity was from surgical site infection 4 (22.2%), prolonged ileus 2 (11.1%). Mortality was caused by septic shock, DIC, Anastomotic leak. No anesthesia related death. None of the patients was managed in a neonatal intensive care unit. Conclusion: Mortality from atresia has slightly improved in the last decade probably due to improved paediatric anaesthetic services, availability of parenteral nutrition and potent antibiotics. Availability of neonatal intensive care unit may improve outcome.
ABS/LFM/NCM/069: Comparative Assessment of Cardiopulmonary Parameters of Petrol Station Attendants and Nonpetrol Station Attendants
O. A. Ajiboye, T. O. Ajepe, O. O. Ladenika
Department of Community Health and Primary Care, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.
Ethical clearance number: ADM/DCST/HREC/APP/746
Background: Petrol Station Attendants (PSA) are constantly exposed to the deleterious effect of inhalation of Premium Motor Spirit (PMS) fumes particularly on their respiratory system. This study aimed at studying the effects of PMS fumes inhalation on the cardio-pulmonary function of PSA. Methodology: The study was conducted in Surulere LGA Lagos, Nigeria among 165 participants; 92 PSA and 73 age and gender matched non-PSA. Data on Demographic Characteristics, Duration of exposure (working hours per day and years of working experience) cardiovascular parameters (Systolic Blood and Diastolic Blood Pressure and Pulse Pressure) and pulmonary parameters (Forced Vital Capacity, Forced Expiratory Volume in the first second and Peak Expiratory Flow Rate) were collected in both groups. Independent T-Test was used to compare the cardiovascular and pulmonary parameters between the two groups and was also used between participants with less than and more than 5years working experience. Relationship between the duration of exposure and cardiopulmonary parameters was investigated by Persons correlation coefficient. Level of significance was p<0.05. Results: The Diastolic blood pressure was significantly higher among PSA and those with greater than 5 years working experience. There was a significant relationship between the number of working hours per day and all the cardiovascular parameters assessed. Self-reported respiratory symptoms were higher among PSA. Conclusion: PSA may be prone to high blood pressure in addition to respiratory complications. Prolonged exposure to PMS fumes may increase the risk of developing high blood pressure.
ABS/LFM/SST/073: Use of A Dedicated Phone Service to Scale up Quality of Day Surgery Delivery and Improve Patient Satisfaction: A Pilot Study
O. Seyi-Olajide Justina, C. Ihediwa George, Ademuyiwa Adesoji1, A. Lagos Elebute Olumide, A. Ladipo-Ajayi Oluwaseun, M. Alakaloko Felix, O. Bode Christopher1
Department of Surgery, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, 1Department of Surgery, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.
Background: Advancements in surgical and anaesthetic techniques and economic reasons have led to a steady global increase in day surgery rates. Day surgery allows for rapid discharge and reduces waiting time and cost. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of setting up a dedicated phone service for pre-operative and post-operative communication with parents of patients scheduled for day surgery on the service delivery and patient satisfaction and determine if this should be made a standard operating protocol. Methods: At the pre-operative clinic visit, parents of patients were given a phone number to call for complaints or enquiries. Calls were made by the unit on the 1st and 2nd post-operative day. Number of parents that called in or responded to phone calls, content of discussions and impact of the phone service on parental satisfaction were all documented. Results: 22 parents participated in this study. 18 (81.8%) parents responded to the pre-operative calls while 19 (86.4%) responded to the post-operative calls. A total of 8 post-operative adverse events were addressed during the post-operative calls. These were pain in 2 (10.5%) patients and soaked dressing in 2 (10.5%) patients. 1 (5.2%) patient each had vomiting, headache, fever and scrotal swelling. All responders agreed that having a phone service improved the service delivery and enhanced their satisfaction with service offered. Conclusion: A dedicated phone service improves service delivery and enhances patient satisfaction. It should be made a standard operating protocol for day surgery.
ABS/LFM/SST/074: Management of Omphalocoele Major in A Low Resource Setting: Outcome and Challenges
Oluwaseun Ladipo-Ajayi, George Iheduwa, Felix Alakaloko, Justina Seyi-Olajide, Olumide Elebute, Adesoji Ademuyiwa, Christopher Bode
Department of Surgery, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria.
Background: Omphalocele is associated with a high mortality rate. Low and Middle-Income countries have a greater management challenge because of insufficient facilities for prenatal diagnosis, foetal intervention and neonatal resuscitation. The aim of this study is to determine the management outcomes in our setting despite these challenges. Methods: Patients with omphalocele managed between May 2015 and April 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. Relevant data was extracted from case notes, Nursing charts and Operation register using a proforma. Analysis was done using the SPSS version 21. Results: There were 26 patients - 12 males and 14 females. Fifteen (58%) were prenatally diagnosed. Twelve of those were delivered via Caesarean section (CS). Three of those delivered via CS had inadvertent sac rupture during the procedure. Ten patients (38.5%) weighed > 2.5kg whilst 16 (61.5%) were SGA. Three patients (11.5%) were preterm. Omphalocele major was more frequent (77%) and more patients had an intact sac (88.5%). There were associated anomalies in 16 (61.5%) patients. Nineteen (73%) patients were conservatively managed while 7 (27%) had surgery. Of those conservatively managed, 7 (36.8%) died and of the 7 that were surgically managed, 2 (28.6%) died. No patient had ventilatory or parenteral nutritional support. Conclusion: Our study shows that Omphalocele major associated with other anomalies is the commonest presentation and mortality is still high. We expect our outcomes to improve with improved Ultrasound prenatal diagnosis, provision of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit and Total Parenteral nutrition.
ABS/LFM/SST/076: Pattern of Congenital Ocular Anomalies among Children Seen at A West African Tertiary Eye Care Centre
K. O. Musa, O. O. Amusan1, A. I. Emenike, T. M. Oyende1, S. T. Salako1
Department of Ophthalmology, Guinness Eye Centre, College of Medicine, University of Lagos/Lagos University Teaching Hospital, 1Department of Ophthalmology, Guinness Eye Centre, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria.
Background: Congenital ocular anomalies represent a significant contributor to visual impairment and blindness in childhood. The aim of the study was to describe the pattern of congenital ocular anomalies among children seen at Guinness Eye Centre, Lagos University Teaching Hospital with a view to determine the most common anomalies. Methods: A retrospective review of the case files of children below the age of 16 years who were diagnosed of any type of congenital anomaly at the Paediatric Ophthalmology Clinic of our institution between January 2012 and January 2016 was done. Information retrieved from the case files include age at presentation, gender, affected eye (s) and type of congenital anomaly. Results: Four hundred and sixteen eyes of 258 patients were analysed for this study. One hundred and fifty-eight (61.2%) children had bilateral ocular involvement while 100 (38.8%) children had unilateral anomalies. There were 147 (57.0%) males and 111 (43.0%) females with a male to female ratio of 1.3:1. The most common bilateral congenital ocular anomalies were cataract, squint and glaucoma observed in 49 (31.0%), 25 (15.8%) and 20 (12.7%) children respectively. The most common unilateral anomalies were cataract, ptosis and nasolacrimal duct obstruction found in 18 (18.0%), 16 (16.0%) and 13 (13.0%) children respectively. Overall, cataract, glaucoma, squint, nasolacrimal duct obstruction and ptosis were the most common anomalies observed in 67 (26.0%), 28 (10.8%), 28 (10.8%), 21 (8.2%) and 20 (7.8%) children respectively. Conclusion: Cataract was the most common unilateral and bilateral congenital ocular anomaly in this study.
ABS/LFM/OCG/077: Knowledge and Acceptability of Human Papilloma Virus Vaccination in Women Attending The Gynaecology Clinic in Lagos University Teaching Hospital
O. O. Sunmonu, K. S. Okunade1, A. A. Oluwole1
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.
Background: Persistent infection with high-risk human papilloma virus (HPV) has been implicated as the causative agent for cervical cancer. One of the preventive measures is the vaccination of teenage girls against the oncogenic human papilloma virus. The aim of this study was to determine the knowledge and acceptability of HPV vaccine among women attending the gynaecology clinic of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH). Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study involving 148 consecutively selected women attending the gynaecology clinic of the LUTH. Relevant information was obtained from these women using a self-administered questionnaire. The data was analysed and then presented by simple descriptive statistics using tables and charts. Results: The mean age of the respondents was 35.7 ± 9.74years. The study showed that 36.5% of the respondents had heard about HPV infection while just 20% had knowledge about HPV vaccines. Among the respondents, who had the knowledge of HPV and vaccination, a large proportion (41.6%) had up to secondary level of education respectively. The majority (24.1%) got the information from radio, television and journals while 22% got the information from their gynaecologists. Overall, 62.8% of the respondents accepted that the vaccines could be administered to their teenage girls. Conclusions: Awareness of HPV infections and HPV vaccines is low among gynaecology clinic attendees in LUTH. However, majority of them would want their teenage daughter vaccinated against HPV infections. Efforts should be made to increase the awareness about cervical cancer, its aetiologies and prevention through HPV vaccination.
ABS/LFM/SST/078: A 5-Year Review of Associated Morbidity and Mortality in Women who had Hysterectomy for Benign and Malignant Conditions at A Tertiary Hospital in Lagos
O. F. Oba, K. S.Okunade1 K. S., Ojo Temitope2, A. A. Oluwole1
A. A.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, 2Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Federal Medical Center, Ebute-Metta, Lagos, Nigeria.
Background: Hysterectomy is the most frequently performed major surgical procedure in gynaecology. This study was aimed to determine the morbidity and mortality associated with all gynaecological hysterectomies done at the Lagos Island Maternity Hospital (LIMH) over a 5-year period. Methods: The study was a retrospective analysis of all hysterectomies carried out at the LIMH, Lagos Nigeria, over a 5-year period from 2005-2009. Patients records were reviewed using a standardized proforma and the relevant information were retrieved. Data were analysed using simple descriptive statistics and results presented using tables and charts. Results: Eighty-eight (88) women had hysterectomy for various gynaecological conditions during the period of review. Only six (6) patients underwent vaginal hysterectomy the remaining eighty-two (82) patients had hysterectomy via the abdominal route. No mortality was reported in all the patients to at least three months post-surgery. However, morbidity was higher in the abdominal hysterectomy group. Conclusions: With appropriate case selection, adequate surgical skills, effective use of antibiotics, careful attention to intraoperative haemostasis, training of more professionals in minimal access surgeries, the morbidity and mortality associated with gynaecological hysterectomy will be reduced significantly.
ABS/LFM/IFD/079: Transfusional Malaria in The Neonatal Period in Lagos, South West Nigeria
Iretiola Fajolu, Franca Iheonu1, Chinyere Ezeaka, Wellington Oyibo2
Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Lagos and Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Idi-Araba, 1Department of Paediatrics, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, 2Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.
Ethical clearance number: ADM/DCST/HREC/1908
Background: In malaria endemic countries, neonates in the intensive care units are frequently transfused with donor blood unscreened for malaria parasites. Consequently, they are at risk of transfusional malaria with increased neonatal mortality. This study aimed to determine the burden of transfusional malaria in neonates. Methods: One hundred and sixty-four neonates admitted into the neonatal intensive care unit at the Lagos University Teaching Hospital over a 10-month period who were scheduled for packed cell or whole blood transfusion were screened for malaria parasites pre-transfusion, three days and 14 days post transfusion using Giemsa stained thick and thin films. Donor blood was screened for malaria parasites at the point of transfusion. Neonates who developed malaria parasitaemia post transfusion were followed up for signs of malaria. Results: All 164 neonates tested negative to malaria parasites prior to transfusion. Most (73.2%) were term neonates with 94 (57.3%) aged 1-7 days and 70 (42.7%) 8-28 days. Four (2.4%) neonates developed malaria parasitaemia three days post transfusion and all four developed fever on follow up. Three (1.8%) of 164 donor blood samples had malaria parasitaemia and all three (100%) neonates who were transfused with the infected donor blood developed malaria parasitaemia post transfusion. Conclusion: This study shows that 100% of neonates will develop transfusional malaria when transfused with malaria infected donor blood. We recommend routine screening of donor blood and follow up of recipients post transfusion.
ABS/LFM/MCH/083: Pregnancy outcome in HIV Positive Pregnant Women in Lagos, Nigeria
O. O. Sunmonu, K. S.Okunade1 K. S., R. I. Anorlu1
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.
Background: The majority of HIV positive women in Nigeria are of the reproductive age group and pregnancies among them are common. This was aimed to determine the pregnancy outcome among HIV sero-positive women at the Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH) over a five-year period. Methods: This was a descriptive retrospective study of 864 HIV-positive women on Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) who delivered in LUTH between January 2010 and December 2014. Relevant information was extracted from the labour ward registers and the AIDS prevention initiative in Nigeria (APIN) clinic database. The data were then analysed using SPSS version 21 statistical package. The results were presented in frequency tables and percentages. Results: More of the patients (38.1%) were aged between 31 and 35years and of low parity (≤2) (55.6%). Majority (87.3%) of these women had term delivery and were delivered predominantly via Caesarean section (75.9%). Postpartum haemorrhage occurred in 5.8% of the women who had caesarean section and 7.7% of women who had vaginal deliveries. The stillbirth rate was 2.4%. Seventy (8.3%) of the neonates had Apgar score <7 at 1minutes and only 9.8% of them had babies with birth weight less than 2.5kg. Seventy-six (9.0%) of the neonates where admitted into the neonatal unit. Conclusions: The sero-prevalent rate in this study was high however only minimal adverse outcome was observed among the studied population. This suggests that HIV may not adversely affect an otherwise uncomplicated pregnancy.
ABS/LFM/MNL/084: Independent Predictors of Self-Stigma among Patients with Schizophrenia
B. Fadipe, T. A. Adebowale, A. O. Ogunwale, A. T. Olagunju
Department of Pschiatry, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.
Background: Self–stigma is prevalent among people with schizophrenia with enormous consequences. There is paucity of information regarding self-stigma in this environment. This study investigated the prevalence and predictors of self-stigma among outpatients with schizophrenia. Methods: The study included adults with schizophrenia, consecutively recruited at the outpatient clinic of the Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Lagos. Participants were interviewed using a designed questionnaire, Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) and the Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness scale (ISMI). Data was analysed using SPSS-20. Results: The mean age of the 370 subjects was 37.87 years and 181 (48.9%) were males. The prevalence of high self-stigma was 16.5%. The Independent predictors of high self-stigma included; having no formal education (OR=4.010) or only primary education (OR=3.699), poor social support (OR=0.392), medication side effects (OR=2.407), low 24-hour medication recall (OR =0.993), high BPRS scores (OR=1.147), average monthly income less than 5, 000 Naira/month (OR=4.601) and between 20, 000 Naira - 50, 000 Naira/month (OR=3.797). Conclusion: High self-stigma is prevalent among people with schizophrenia from this environment. It is related to socio-demographic and clinical variables which should be considered during routine care and in designing interventions aimed at reducing self-stigma which will ultimately improve the outcome of patients.
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ABS/LFM/PDT/003: Knowledge, Attitude and Practice about Childhood autism Spectrum Disorder among Residents of Eti-Osa Local Government Area, Lagos, Nigeria
Oluwaseun A. Adewunmi, Alero A. Roberts
Department of Community Health and Primary Care, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.
Introduction: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and autism are both general terms for a group of complex disorders of brain development. These disorders are characterized, in varying degrees, by difficulties in social interaction, verbal and nonverbal communication and repetitive behaviours. Methodology: Cross sectional descriptive study was used to assess and determine the knowledge, attitude and practice about childhood autism among residents of Eti-Osa local government area, Lagos State. The study population included residents who have children under the age of ten that might have childhood autism or might not and have been residing in Eti-Osa local government for at least one month with an age range of 20-65 years old. Result: The total mean score for this study is 28.71 ± 10.63. The respondents had poor knowledge (85.61%) of autism as most of them do not know what autism is, the cause, symptoms that an autistic child displays, the challenges they have and the treatment plans available for them. Majority of the respondent who could identify autism do have poor attitude (66%) towards children with this condition. Also, (66%) of the respondent had poor practices about autism as the grading of their practices revealed in this study. The field of study also influenced the knowledge about childhood autism (ASD). Conclusion: In order for people with autism to have proper diagnosis, treatment, and quality of life, awareness intervention is paramount.
ABS/LFM/CVD/008: Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Healthy Lifestyle in Relation to Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors among Adults in Ifako-Ijaiye LGA, Lagos
A. Agboola Tomilola, E. E. Ekanem
Department of Community Health and Primary Care, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.
Ethical clearance number: LUTH Health Research and Ethics Committee Assigned Number: ADM/DCST/HREC/APP/029
Background: Cardiovascular diseases have always posed a significant health burden globally, but the acceleration of mortality rates in recent times is alarming, more so in low and middle-income countries; as significant knowledge gaps still exists in these areas. This study was designed to determine the knowledge, assess the attitude and ascertain the practice of healthy lifestyle in relation to cardiovascular disease risk factors among the adults in Ifako-Ijaiye local government area. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study carried out in 2016 among 306 adults in Ifako-Ijaiye Local Government Area for a period of 6 months. A multistage sampling technique that combined simple random and systematic random sampling methods was used employed. Data was collected using interview-administered structured questionnaires, and analysed using EPI INFO 7.0. Results: A response rate of 97.7% was gotten. About half of the respondents had good knowledge (56.5%), and good attitude (54.9%). Also, just over half (51.2%) went for routine medical check-up at least once a year. The association between good knowledge and good attitude was statistically significant (p=0.000). In addition, gender (p=0.035) and tertiary education (p=0.000) were found to be associated with good knowledge. Conclusion: The lifestyle among the respondents was generally healthy. However, a considerable amount still lacked adequate knowledge, which is necessary to improve preventive practices. This signifies the need to implement health education programs that underscore the cardiovascular benefits of healthy living.
ABS/LFM/OCG/013: Breast Screening Practices of Market Women in Ikeja Local Government Area: Back To Basics
M. C. Ndifon, A. A. Roberts, O. O. Odukoya
Department of Community Health and Primary care, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
Background: Breast cancer is commonly diagnosed at late stages in developing countries, despite increasing the awareness about breast cancer and breast cancer screening. Early detection can potentially improve the odds of survival and cure, but requires that women are knowledgeable about the need and the process of getting screened. This study set out to determine breast screening practices of market women in Ikeja Local Government of Lagos state. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study among 204 market women in Ikeja to collect data about their knowledge of risk factors of breast cancer, self-breast examination and clinical screening; and their practices. Data collected using an interviewer-based questionnaire was analysed using Epi info 7 and presented as frequencies and percentages. Associations were tested using Chi-square and considered statistically significant at P-value of <0.05. Results: Knowledge of self-breast examination was 78.9%, clinical breast examination 58.3% and mammogram 34.4%. Of the 109 women who had done a breast self-examination, only 23 did so monthly. Possession of post-secondary education and being in professional and intermediate type occupations were positively associated with getting a clinical examination or mammogram. Conclusion: Identified gaps in practice need to be addressed by re-engineering appropriate behaviour through provision of accessible screening services.
ABS/LFM/IFD/014: Risk Assessment for Lassa Fever among Households in Imota, Ikorodu Local Government Area, Lagos
A. E. Hassan, A. A. Roberts, B. E. Ogunnowo
Department of Community Health and Primary Care, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
Background: Lassa fever (LF) causes severe viral haemorrhagic fever, has its reservoir in the multimammate rat Mastomys natalensis, which lives around human settlements and sheds the virus in the urine. The ongoing epidemic of Lassa fever has a public health impact on the nation and this study set out to do a risk assessment for households in Imota. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study among household members of Imota, selected using a multi-stage random sampling, collected data from 220 household members about their knowledge and prevention practices against LF. Data was analysed using Epi info software. Chi-square was used to test associations with statistical significance at P-value of <0.05. Readiness was calculated from knowledge and practice scores. Results: Respondents had a mean age of 31.16 ± 10 years. They were male (52.3%), Christians (58.7%), married (63.2%), with secondary education (67.3%). There was good knowledge of prevention (79.1%), poor knowledge of signs and symptoms (48.2%), and causes (45.9%). There was a positive association between knowledge of Lassa fever and respondents' religion (p = 0.02). High risk of disease was determined in 68 (30.9%) of households. Conclusion: There is an urgent need to enlighten communities about readiness for LF through targetted messages in the mass media on the causes, modes of transmission, signs and symptoms. There is also a need to engage community stakeholders to ensure better health education, monitoring and evaluation of risk in this community.
ABS/LFM/MCH/015: Tetanus Prevention and Management among Mothers in A Rural Community in Lagos State
A. M. Akpan, A. A. Roberts, A. O. Abiola
Department of Community Health and Primary Care, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
Background: Tetanus is still a killer disease of major health importance in developing countries, caused by Clostridium tetani. Infections occur when there is a discontinuation of skin or mucosa, or infection of the cord at birth. It is preventable, life threatening and has a high mortality rate. This study aims to determine the knowledge and attitude of the women of reproductive age in Imota community to tetanus prevention, and management. Methodology: This study is a descriptive cross-sectional study amongst 386 respondents, carried out from March to July2016 to determine the knowledge and practice of tetanus prevention and management among women of reproductive age in Imota LGA, Lagos. An interviewer administered structured questionnaire was used. Results: Respondents had a mean age of 26.4 + 8.8 years. Overall knowledge of tetanus prevention by immunization was 50.1% and was associated with age, marital status. Overall practice of tetanus prevention was 43.0%, and was associated with age interval, estimated income, level of education and occupational status. Overall knowledge of wound management was 72.9%, and was associated with age interval, estimated income, level of education, LGA of origin, marital status and religion. Overall practice of wound management was 77.0%. Conclusion: Gaps in knowledge of importance of tetanus immunization in the prevention need to be addressed for tetanus will be eradicated from our environment. Mothers play a vital role in the immunization of their children, and the role of health education of these women of reproductive age as mothers and future mothers must be strengthened.
ABS/LFM/CVD/019: Burden of Diabetes Mellitus Foot Ulcer in A Nigerian Tertiary Hospital
Bolanle Okunowo, Ifedayo Odeniyi1, Olufemi Fasanmade1, Sandra Iwuala1, Augustine Ohwovoriole1
Department of Medicine, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, 1Department of Medicine, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.
E-mail: [email protected]
Background: Foot complications in people living with diabetes mellitus can present in variety of ways. It is responsible for major economic and financial burden both to the patient, and the community at large. The objective of this study was to assess the burden and outcomes of diabetic foot ulcerations in Nigerians admitted into a tertiary hospital. Methods: Two years, 2014 and 2015 inpatient records of diabetes mellitus (DM) patients admitted into the medical wards of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH) in south-western Nigeria were reviewed. The following data were obtained from the records - age and sex of patients, indication for admission, duration of stay in hospital, and outcome of inpatient management. Analyses were carried out using SPSS 22. Results: During the period under review, 2232 patients were admitted into the medical wards of the hospital. Out of these, 252 (11.3%) were diabetic patients of which 108 (42.9%) were males and 144 (57.1%) were females. Of the 252 patients 143 had full data and they are further analysed for outcome of admission. The average ages of the males and females were similar. Seventy-five (52.4%) patients were admitted because of diabetic foot ulcers. Mean duration of admission for DMFS was 65days. Conclusion: Diabetic foot ulcers are preventable complications of diabetes mellitus, which appear to constitute the main indications for admission of DM patients in LUTH. Case fatality rate associated with diabetic foot ulceration admissions was unacceptably high.
ABS/LFM/CVD/020: Mosaic Turner Syndrome
Bolanle Okunowo, Ifedayo Odeniyi1, Adeyemi Okunowo2, Olufemi Fasanmade1, Sandra Iwuala1, Augustine Ohwovoriole1
Department of Medicine, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Departments of 1Medicine and 2Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.
E-mail: [email protected]
Background: Turner syndrome is a chromosomal disease that can present in a variety of ways. Case Report: A.O presented to the clinic with a 3-week history of elevated fasting blood glucose of 332 mg/dl and random blood glucose of 389 mg/dl on routine employment screening. There was no history of polyuria, polydipsia or weight loss. There was no menstrual history since adolescence. The results of her hormonal profile showed low levels of estradiol 12.6 pg/ml (43-214 pg/ml), progesterone 0.4 ng/ml (1.5-20 ng/ml) with elevated levels of luteinizing hormone 13.6m IU/ml (0.2-6.5m IU/ml) as well as Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) 57 mIU (1.5-7.0 mIU). Serum prolactin 11 ng/ml (5-35 ng/ml) and serum testosterone 0.1ng/ml (0.1-0.9 ng/ml) levels were normal. She had an elevated glycated haemoglobin of 12.2%. Chromosomal analysis showed an abnormal female mosaic complement with 17/30 of the analysed cell having 45X complement and 13/30 cells having a pseudo isodicentric X chromosome. Based on these findings, a diagnosis of Turner Syndrome, mosaic type was made. She was commenced on subcutaneous novomix (50/50) 10 units twice daily, oral metformin 1g 12 hourly, rosuvastatin 10 mg daily and alendronate10 mg daily followed by 70 mg weekly. She was placed on combined oral contraceptive pills to facilitate withdrawal bleed as discussed. She is engaged and fertility options have been discussed with her including child adoption. Conclusion: This case illustrates a rare cause of gonadal dysgenesis coexisting with diabetes mellitus type 2. A high index of suspicion is imperative to avoid misdiagnosis of secondary diabetes.
ABS/LFM/MCS/023: Comparative Efficacy of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation and Cryotherapy in The Physical Management of Temporomandibular Joint Dysfu
I. O. Owoeye, O. E. Johnson1, R. A. Adedoyin1
Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, 1Department of Medical Rehabilitation, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Osun, Nigeria.
Ethical clearance number: None
Background/Objectives: The disorder and dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint can result in significant pain, joint noises and limited mouth opening. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, cryotherapy and mobilisation exercise in reducing pain and improving oral opening among people with temporomandibular joint dysfunction. Methods: Seven participants; five males and two females with temporomandibular joint dysfunction were recruited from the Dental Hospital, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile –Ife. They were randomised into three groups (Group A, B and C) - subjects in group A received TENS, group B received Cryotherapy and group C served as control. Ethical approval was sought and obtained from Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Complex ethics and research committee. Assessment of pain and range of motion of the mouth was done using numerical pain rating scale a sterilised mathematical set divider with a measuring ruler. Data was analysed using SPSS version 16, significance was set at p<0.05. Results: There was no significant difference in the efficacy of the modality used in each group. All were effective. There was significant difference between the baseline and post intervention of pain across all groups p=0.002 but no significant difference between baseline and post-intervention of oral opening (ROM) across all group p=0.463 even though there was a percentage improvement. Conclusion: All modalities used were effective though there was limited number of participants. Treatment of temporomandibular joint dysfunctions with physiotherapy represents a potential financial saving.
ABS/LFM/CVD/024: Perception and Prevalence of Risk Factors for Noncommunicable Diseases among Residents of Imota, Lagos State
Ibu Faith, A. A. Roberts, P. C. Campbell
Department of Community Health and Primary Care, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
Background/Objectives: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) have become the major cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries overtaking infectious diseases. This increase has been linked to changes in lifestyle associated with economic development. This study aimed to assess risk factors in a developing rural community undergoing rapid industrial and economic growth. Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study carried out in June 2016. Participants were selected using a multi-stage random sampling. Data was collected using interviewer-based questionnaires and standard measuring instruments. Results: A total of 206 questionnaires were analysed and age of the study population ranged between 18 - 73 years. Male respondents constituted 50.5%. Knowledge was poor as only 17% knew what NCDs were. The prevalence of risk factors in order of decreasing prevalence was as follows: unhealthy diet - 61.3%, abdominal obesity – 57.5%, physical inactivity – 53.9% family history – 31.5%, high blood pressure – 30.9%, overweight and obesity – 25.6% and 17.9% respectively, smoking – 8.3% and excess alcohol consumption – 4.3%. Overall, 3.8% of the study population was at low risk (no risk factor), 54.4% were at moderate risk (1-2 risk factors) and 41.8% were at high risk (3 or more risk factors) for non-communicable disease. Only 18.5% considered themselves at risk for NCDs. Conclusion: These findings demonstrate a higher prevalence of NCD risk factors than reported in other rural communities in Nigeria. While infectious diseases are still been tackled in these developing communities, NCDs should not be ignored.
ABS/LFM/SST/026: Outcome of Clubfoot Management using The Ponseti Protocol
T. G. Ugwuowo, B. A. Okechukwu, G. O. Enweluzo, K. C. Odugwu, A. O. Ogbeide, S. O. Giwa1
Departments of Orthopaedics and Trauma and 1Surgery, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria.
Background: Pirani scoring system is one of the methods of assessing clubfoot deformity. It consists of midfoot contracture score (MFCS) and hindfoot contracture score (HFCS). Ponseti protocol was used in the management of all the patients. The aims of the study were to evaluate outcome of management of idiopathic clubfoot, to correlate outcome with the initial Pirani score and the value of Pirani score in predicting outcome. Methods: Forty-one children (64 clubfeet) with idiopathic clubfoot were recruited into the study. The children were two years old and less. They were managed with serial manipulation and cast application weekly with or without tendoachilles tenotomy according to Ponseti protocol. They were subsequently followed up for 3 months. The data from the treatment was analysed. Results: the average initial Pirani score was 3.6+/- 0.9. The average number of casts used was 5.9+/-1.3(range 4-9 casts). Tenotomy was done in 51.56% of feet. The initial Pirani score has a strong positive correlation to the number of casts required. The group that required tenotomy required more cast and as such longer duration of treatment than the ‘no tenotomy’ group. There was a relapse rate of 2% in the feet of the compliant group while the relapse rate was 69% in the group that were not compliant with use of foot abduction brace. The success rate at 3 months follow up was 84.4%. Conclusion: Ponseti protocol is an excellent method of management of idiopathic clubfoot. The Pirani scoring system is reliable, quick, and easy to use.
ABS/LFM/NCM/027: Knowledge, Attitude and Patterns of Salt Consumption among The Residents of An Urban Local Government Area in Lagos State
M. A. Imeh, O. O. Odukoya, T. W. Ladi-Akinyemi
Departments of Community Health and Primary Care, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria.
Background: Salt consumption is an important risk factor for high blood pressure, a leading contributor to cardiovascular disease. Ignorance of the dangers of excessive salt consumption may increase the growing mortality from cardiovascular disease. This study was carried out to assess the knowledge, attitude and the patterns of salt consumption among the residents of Mushin Local Government, an urban area in Lagos state. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study carried out among 300 adult residents of Mushin Local Government Area, selected using a multi-stage random sampling technique. Data was collected using a pretested interviewer-administered questionnaire and analysed using Epi info 2007 software. Results: Majority of the respondents (67.3%) knew that salt consumption could cause health problems such as hypertension though only 11.0% of them thought one teaspoon was the recommended limit for daily salt intake. Majority of the respondents (71.3%) believed that they consumed just the right amount of salt. Less than half (45.3%) of the respondents were of the opinion that they needed to reduce the amount of salty food they consumed. Most of the respondents (64%) always consumed food where salt was added during cooking. Conclusion: The participants had poor knowledge about salt consumption. The participants also showed poor attitude towards salt consumption.
ABS/LFM/MNL/028: Knowledge and Attitude Towards Mental Health and The Role of Traditional Beliefs among Adult Women of Epe Local Government Area, Lagos State, Nigeria
Oyewale Damilola, Okafor Ifeoma, Ogunyemi Doyin
Department of Community Health and Primary Health Care, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.
Background: Mental Health is the state of complete mental well-being or the absence of mental illnesses. Mental illnesses constitute a huge burden; health-wise, economically and so on. However, much more emphasis is usually laid on the ‘illness' aspect of it, with mental health itself being ignored. This study’s objective was to determine the knowledge and attitude towards mental health and the role of traditional beliefs among women in Epe LGA. Materials and Methods: The study was carried out from June 10th to 26th, 2016. Cross-sectional study design with multistage sampling method were used. There were 271 shared questionnaires, each containing 40 questions on knowledge, attitude and the role of traditional beliefs in mental health. Results: Response rate was 93.36%. The women were between ages 18&85. Respondents' good knowledge of mental health was 35.18%, positive attitude towards it 26.48%, and traditional beliefs had a significant role, as 66.8% of the respondents agreed that it affected relations with Mental Health. Using chi-square, an association between the knowledge and educational qualifications of the respondents was shown. Also, their attitude was associated with their marital stata and ethnicities. Conclusion: Mental health is a frequently ignored aspect of general health, with poor knowledge and attitude. There’s need for better awareness, and improvement on the state of mental health care. Traditional beliefs, especially in these parts, have a significant role to play and they should be taken into consideration. Associations between traditionalists and Western Doctors are encouraged.
ABS/LFM/NCM/029: Efficacy of Thoracic Mobility Exercise on Cardiopulmonary Parameters and Quality of Life of Patients with Asthma
O. A. Ajiboye, T. O. Ajepe, T. A. Oyefeso
Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
Ethical clearance number: ADM/DCST/HREC/APP/736
Background: Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease which reduces patient’s activities and impairs their health-related quality of life. Little is known on the effect of Thoracic Mobility Exercise (TME) on cardiopulmonary function and quality of life of patients with asthma. This study was aimed at investigating the efficacy of TME on selected cardiopulmonary parameters and the quality of life of patients with mild and moderate asthma. Methodology: Thirty (30) subjects with asthma were randomly assigned to 3 groups (A, B and C). Group A underwent thoracic mobility exercise (TME) and counselling sessions on deep breathing; Group B underwent a combination of thoracic mobility exercise and aerobic exercise with counselling sessions on deep breathing while Group C underwent counselling sessions on deep breathing only. Outcome measures assessed were Chest wall mobility, Spirometry, Blood Pressure, Perceived exertion and Asthma Quality of Life (AQoL). Results: Group A recorded a statistically significant improvement in some cardiopulmonary parameters, AQoL, Asthma control and perceived exertion, group B recorded a significant improvement in one pulmonary parameter and perceived exertion while in Group C (Control group) no improvement was recorded in all the parameters except in perceived exertion. On comparison across groups, there was no significant difference in all the parameters assessed. Conclusion: This study revealed that TME alone or a combination of TME and AE proved effective in improving some cardiopulmonary parameters, perceived exertion and quality of life of patients with asthma.
ABS/LFM/IFD/034: Knowledge, Preventive Measures and Treatment Options of Malaria Amongst Caregivers of Under-Five in Makoko, Lagos State
Odugbemi, M. R. Balogun, O. O. Aina-Scott
Department of Community Health and Primary Care, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
Background: Malaria still represents a global health burden that kills more people than any other communicable disease all over the world. This article determined, assessed and identified the knowledge, modes of prevention as well as various treatment options of malaria used amongst caregivers of under-fives in Makoko. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study carried out amongst 320 caregivers in the community using the multistage sampling technique and interviewer-administered questionnaire between May and July 2016 and was analysed using Epi-info, scoring the various results gotten under either Good, Fair or Poor. Results: Respondents were mostly age 21-30 with senior secondary school (43.75%) being the prevalent level of education. Overall, members of this study population had poor knowledge of malaria (52.50%), fair preventive practices (60.31%) and various medications for treatment such as herbal enemas (12.50%) as well as orthodox drugs (40.94%). However, the drugs used more in treating malaria by the study population was ACT (18.44%). Conclusion: There is need for advocacy and health education amongst caregivers to improve on their knowledge and health-seeking behaviour towards the complete eradication of malaria in their community and, the processes involved in the manufacture of ITNs must be properly evaluated with the aim of making the product more acceptable by the caregivers.
ABS/LFM/MNL/035: Suicidality: Prevalence, Pattern and Associated Risk Factors among Patients with Schizophrenia, Lagos, Nigeria
O. P. Ogunnubi, A. A. Adegbohun, O. D. Oni, A. A. Fatiregun, B. Fadipe, R. E. Ogbolu, Y. O. Oshodi, F. O. Aina
Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.
Ethical clearance number: ADM/DCST/HREC/773
Introduction: There is increasing evidence that patients with schizophrenia have high tendency to commit suicide. They exhibit certain suicidal behaviours (or suicidality) such as: suicidal ideations, suicidal intent, suicidal plans, suicidal attempt and eventual suicide. Despite the relevance of such behaviours in the management and prognosis of schizophrenia, there is paucity of research on patterns and correlate of suicidal behaviours among this population group in sub-Saharan Africa. This study assessed the prevalence, pattern and relationship with certain sociodemographic and clinical variables were also determined. Methods: The study was conducted at the outpatient psychiatric clinic of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH), Lagos, Nigeria. Suicidal behaviours were assessed among 160 randomly selected patients with schizophrenia over a 6 months period. The prevalence, pattern and correlates of suicidal behaviour among them were also assessed. Data were collated and processed with the eighteenth version of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS 18). Results: About 43.1% of the participants exhibited suicidal behaviour. Of these, 5.8% exhibited suicidal plan while 75.4% attempted suicide. In terms of severity, one tenth (10%) of those who expressed suicidal behaviour exhibited severe suicidal tendencies. Participants that earned less and poorly adherent with medications were more likely to exhibit suicidal behaviours. Conclusions: The study brings to fore the tendency of patients with schizophrenia to commit suicide, hence the need to screen for suicidality.
ABS/LFM/NST/038: Knowledge and Perceived-Roles of Nurses in Lagos University Teaching Hospital on Prevention of Health-Related Hazards of Industrialization in Lagos
O. M. Mobolaji-Olajide, A. O. Akinola
Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.
Ethical clearance number: ADM/DCST/HREC/APP/1182
Introduction: The tremendous increase in industrialization and it negative effects are the unnoticed viruses plaguing our society and in turn dwindling our life span as life expectancy is reducing every year. Male and female life expectancy are 54 and 55 respectively in Nigeria; this was because of the mortality rate found to have a link with industrialization and poverty with more focus on the former. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study of 121 nurses. Respondents were selected through multi-stage sampling technique. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data. SPSS version 20 was used for data analysis and the level of statistical significance was set at 5%. Results: Two-thirds had good knowledge of industrialization, of which 83.5% strongly agreed that industrialization has negative effects on health. 75.2% believe that gas flaring was the major factor responsible for the increase in hazardous effect of industrialization. 80.2% and 72.7% believed that health education and policy making against deforestation and gas flaring respectively are the important roles to take by Nurses in prevention of its health-related hazards. Conclusion: There was good knowledge of industrialization and the factors responsible for health-related industrial hazards. It is therefore important for Nurses to create more awareness on hazardous effect of industrialization.
ABS/LFM/OCG/046: Prostate Cancer: Knowledge, Attitude and Screening Practices amongst Men in Ikorodu Local Government Area, Lagos State
A. O. Adeyeye, O. J. Kanma-Okafor, A. Roberts
Department of Community Health and Primary care. College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
Ethical clearance number: ADM/DCST/HREC/APP/017
Background: Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed non-cutaneous cancer in men 40 years and above worldwide. It is the sixth leading cause of cancer related deaths in men, and the eleventh leading cause of death from cancer in all ages. It is a disease of public health importance in Nigeria. It has been affirmed to being the most common cancer among Nigerian men. This study assessed the prostate cancer knowledge, attitude and screening practice amongst men in Ikorodu local government area of Lagos state. Methods: Using a descriptive cross-sectional study design, systematic and simple random sampling techniques were used to select 282 participants for the study. A semi-structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data, which was analysed using the Epi Info™ 7.1.5.2 software package. Categorical variables in groups were compared using chi-square test. The level of significance was set at p<0.05 Results: The mean age of respondents was 47.60 years. Overall, 76.24% had heard about prostate cancer. Only 15.60% had good knowledge of prostate cancer, however, majority (54.96%) of the respondents had a positive attitude towards prostate cancer. Also, only 14.89% has ever done a screening test for prostate cancer. Conclusion: This study revealed that although the respondents were aware of prostate cancer, very few had good knowledge about it, and very few had gone for screening. Efforts should be made by the men to go for prostate cancer screening to facilitate early detection of the disease.
ABS/LFM/SST/050: Cosmetic Outcome of Clean Pediatric Groin Wound Closure: Steri-Stripstm Versus Subcuticular Suturing
Oluwaseun A. Ladipo-Ajayi, Taiwo A. Lawal1, Olukayode O. Ogundoyin1
Department of Surgery, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, 1Department of Surgery, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.
Ethical clearance number: UI/EC/13/0377
Background: Wound healing is a complex physiological process and a wound closure technique that offers the best chance of an optimal result is the most appropriate. Suturing techniques, though effective, are often accompanied with local inflammatory responses, which have not been attributed to Steri-Strips™. Methods: This is a prospective, randomized study comparing the cosmetic and wound complication outcome of clean paediatric groin wounds using Steri-Strip™ with subcuticular suturing. Consecutive patients were randomly assigned to wound closure with Steri-strips (intervention) and suturing (control). Patients were followed up at 5 days, 2nd, 4th and 8th weeks postoperatively where the wounds were assessed and scored based on parents' satisfaction using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Sequential pictures of the scars were also assessed by the investigator and a Plastic Surgeon using the Hollander Wound Evaluation Scale and p value of 0.05 was considered significant. Results: 68 patients with 75 wounds were recruited. Mean age was 57.6 (± 43.1) months and length of incision were similar in both groups (p = 0.716). There was no statistically significant difference between the mean VAS scores between both groups on the 5th day (p = 0.320), 2nd week (p = 0.080), 4th week (p = 0.070) and 8th week (p = 0.080). The HWES scores were also comparable in the 5th day (p = 0.600), 2nd week (p = 0.100), 4th week (p = 0. 290). Conclusion: Skin closure of clean paediatric groin wounds with Steri-StripsTM gives a comparable cosmesis and wound complication as with subcuticular suturing.
ABS/LFM/MCS/054: Musculoskeletal Disorders and Ergonomic Risk Exposure Assessment in Manual Material Handlers in Lagos, Nigeria
U. A. C. Okafor, U. O. Abaraogu 1, U. Bakare2, O. O. Unachukwu
Department of Physiotherapy, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, 2Department of Physiotherapy, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria, 1School of Health and Life Sciences Glasgow Caledonian University, Scotland, UK.
Background: Assessment of the level of exposure to risk factors for work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) constitutes appropriate basis for planning and implementing interventional ergonomics programmes in the workplace. Aims: To determine the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders among manual material handlers (porters) in selected markets in Lagos state, Nigeria and to assess their level of exposure to work-related musculoskeletal risk factors. Methods: 100 manual material handlers from selected markets in Lagos, Nigeria completed the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ) and the Quick Exposure Check (QEC) form for investigating musculoskeletal complaints and assessing physical exposure to risks respectively. Results: Majority (94%) of the respondents suffered one form of musculoskeletal disorder (MSD) symptoms or another in the last 12 months. The highest prevalence was reported in the low back (70%) and the shoulder (53%) while risk of exposure to WMSDs was established in all (100%) of the workers. Awkward working postures, poor manual material handling, and long hours of standing were the major ergonomic risk factors reported among the respondents. Conclusion: High prevalence rate of MSDs was established among manual material handlers in Lagos, Nigeria. The level of exposure to MSD risk factors was very high, thereby requiring pertinent and ergonomic solutions.
ABS/LFM/HCF/064: The Struggle for Universal Health Care: A Case Study of Private Health Practitioners
M. C. Iloh, P. C. Campbell, T. F. Olufunlayo
Department of Community Health and Primary Care.
Ethical clearance number: ADM/DCST/HREC/APP/074
Background: Today, most developed countries provide universal access to healthcare through a combination of several forms of health insurance. Progressively deteriorating access to healthcare in many developing countries, especially in Africa (with a dominant out-of-pocket payment system) has informed the need for healthcare reforms. In Nigeria, the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) in 2011, had an estimated coverage of about 5 million people, most of the beneficiaries in the formal sector. With a surging population of over 160 million individuals, the target of universal health coverage seems distant. Methodology: The study was a descriptive cross-sectional study amongst private health practitioners in Isolo LCDA, Lagos state, Nigeria. A multi-stage random sampling technique was used to select 228 private healthcare practitioners used in the study. Data was collected using self-administered questionnaires and analysis was carried out using Epi Info 7 statistical software. Results: The mean age of respondents in this study was 34.9 ± 9.4. Almost all respondents (97.1%) had heard of the NHIS, 80.0% of respondents had good knowledge while 94.3% had positive attitude to the scheme. However, there was a low uptake of the scheme (20.9%) from the private health practitioners. There was a positive association between respondent’s knowledge (p = 0.004) and their uptake of NHIS. Conclusion: The uptake of the NHIS scheme was low amongst private health practitioners. Campaigns through seminars and conferences are necessary to ensure that private health practitioners realize that their uptake is essential in achieving universal health coverage.
ABS/LFM/MCH/066: Awareness, Prevalence and Attitude towards Intimate Partner Violence among Women of Child-Bearing Age in Epe Local Government Area
Oddie-Okeke Chiemelie, I. P. Okafor1
Department of Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria, 1Department of Community Health and Primary Health Care, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, University of Lagos Nigeria.
Background: Intimate Partner Violence is a global, community health problem which has a disastrous effect on the overall health victims. It is no respecter of the economic status or gender of the victim. Women are more prone to intimate partner violence than any other form of violence. The issue of Intimate Partner Violence is world-wide and the consequences are immense; aside from the woman who bears the direct impact of the violence, her children, the society to which she belongs and even the economy are indirect sufferers of this problem. This study aims to determine the Awareness, Prevalence and Attitude towards Intimate Partner Violence among women of child-bearing age in Epe Local Government Area. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study among 350 women of child-bearing age in Epe Local Government area. Interviewer based questionnaires were administered to collect data. Analysis was carried out using Epi-info 2007 statistical software. Chi-square and T-tests was used to test for associations between categorical and continuous variables respectively. Results: All the respondents were aware of intimate partner violence. The highest responses were “Hitting with a hand or object”, “slapping”, “sexual acts without consent”, “name calling” and “public humiliation” were the most identified examples of IPV (94.80%, 94.19%, 94.50%, 93.58% and 92.97% respectively). The overall prevalence of IPV in this study was 69.11%. Conclusion: Although the awareness of IPV among the respondents was high and majority of them were intolerant to IPV, the overall prevalence of IPV was still high in the community. The prevalence of IPV was seen to be significantly associated.
ABS/LFM/MCH/067: Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Exclusive Breastfeeding among Women in Epe Local Government Area, Lagos State, Nigeria
Ahmadu Haruna Oche, I. P. Okafor1
Departments of Medicine and Surgery and 1Community Health and Primary Health Care, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.
Background/Objectives: To determine the knowledge, attitude and practice of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) among women in Epe Local Government Area, Lagos state Nigeria. Method: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study which employed a multistage sampling method to select 260 women of reproductive age whose last confinement was not more than five years to prevent recall bias. Data was collected using a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire and analysed using Epi-info version 7.1.5.2. Results: More than half (53%) of the respondents interviewed had good knowledge of EBF. The respondents showed an excellent attitude towards EBF as nearly all of them (97%) had good attitude towards EBF. All the respondents' breastfed their babies and 43.85% of them initiated it within the first one hour. More than half (53.46%) of the respondents practiced EBF and 48.46% practiced EBF for 6 months. Factors significantly associated with increased practice of EBF for 6 months include; respondents' age (p=0.013), delivery in the health facility (p=0.002), respondents' income (p<0.001) and good knowledge of EBF (p<0.001). Conclusion: More than half (53%) of the respondents' had good knowledge of EBF and nearly all (97%) of them had good attitude towards EBF. Breastfeeding was universal but the prevalence of EBF was low (48.46%). Public enlightenment and proper health education on exclusive breastfeeding are still relevant, especially in the antenatal clinic so that mothers can have accurate knowledge about the benefits of EBF and learn practically how to practice it. These should be targeted at women especially low-income earners and younger women.
ABS/LFM/SST/071: The Documentation of Regional Anaesthesia Practices at A Tertiary Hospitals' Labour Ward in Sub-Saharan Africa
A. Adesida, J. O. Olatosi, O. J. Akinsola1, A. A. Oluwole2, M. K. Rotimi1
Departments of Anaesthesia, 1Community Medicine and 2Obstetrics and Gynaecology, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.
Background: Obstetric anaesthesia practice documentation has been poorly audited in sub-Saharan Africa; this institution has no publication on documentation of labour ward theatre anaesthesia practices hence the need for this study. Methods: The anaesthetic charts of 72 consecutive women who had caesarean sections were analysed over a six-month period. Various sections of the chart were used to answer a prepared questionnaire to ascertain compliance with institutional requirements. Result: A total of fourteen parameters (56%) had documentations above the median percentile (88.9%) of the 25 parameters expected to be completed on the labour ward theatre anaesthetic chart, these included age of the mother, diagnosis, comorbidity, gestational age, preoperative review, type of procedures, size of the spinal needle used, type of local anaesthetic agent, the use or none use of vasopressor, Apgar score at 1 and 5 minutes, foetal and maternal outcome. Eleven of the parameters (44%) were poorly documented which included the time of preoperative review, the use of acid prophylaxis, packed cell volume, type of spinal needle used, use of a tilted table, urine output and the level of the anaesthetist who performed the block. Conclusion: There was a fairly adequate labour-ward theatre documentation of anaesthetic proceeding in our institution with a 44% room for improvement. This average performance may indicate the need for improved supervision of trainees. We recommend a robust teaching programme on documentation; a consultant led obstetric anaesthetic practice and a regular audit of obstetric anaesthetic practice in Sub Saharan African institutions.
ABS/LFM/SST/075: Double Intussusception in Children: A Case Series and Review of Literature
O. Seyi-Olajide Justina, A. Olumakin Temiloluwa, Ademuyiwa Adesoji1, A. Ladipo-Ajayi Oluwaseun, M. Alakaloko Felix, A. Elebute Olumide, O. Bode Christopher1
Department of Surgery, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, 1Department of Surgery, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.
Background: Intussusception is a very common surgical problem in infants. Double intussusception however, is very rare in children. This study aims to report the clinical presentation, treatment and outcome of infants managed for double intussusception by the paediatric surgery unit in a tertiary hospital in Nigeria. Methods: All patients managed for double intussusception were included in the study. Their demographics, clinical presentation, treatment and outcome were reviewed and analysed. Results: Four children aged 16 days to 13 months were managed by the unit for double intussusception between 2011 and 2017 (6 years). 2 patients had double-site antegrade ileocolic and retrograde colocolic intussusceptions, 1 had double-site antegrade ileocolic and colocolic intussusceptions and the last patient had double-site antegrade ileocolic and ileoileal intussusception. All the intussusceptions were idiopathic and diagnosis of double intussusception was made intra-operatively in all the patients. The neonate presented late with delayed diagnosis, had bowel resection and anastomosis and died postoperatively. All other patients had open reduction of the intussusceptions with no post-operative complications. Conclusion: Although double intussusception is rare in children, the condition still occurs. Its diagnosis does not impact negatively on the outcome of the patient when compared with single intussusception. Surgeons and sonologists should be increasingly conscious of the possibility of its occurrence. This will improve pre-operative identification, aid in determining the best treatment option and remove delays from attempted non-operative reduction.
ABS/LFM/MNL/080: Mental Illness: Knowledge, Beliefs and Attitudes among Adults in Ifako-Gbagada, Southwest Nigeria
A. N. Wopara, A. O. Abiola, B. Fadipe1
Department of Community Health, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, 1Department of Psychiatry, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria.
Background: Mental illness is a major public health problem worldwide. The broad objective of this study is to assess the knowledge of, beliefs about, and attitudes toward mental illness among adults. Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional survey among 214 adult residents of Ifako-Gbagada, Southwest Nigeria selected by multi-stage sampling method. Data was collected using interviewer-administered questionnaires and analysed using Epi Info version 7.1.5 statistical software package. Responses to the knowledge questions were scored and graded as good (≥50%) and poor (<50%). Responses to the beliefs and attitudes questions were scored and graded as positive (≥60%) and negative (<60%). P value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Response rate was 93.9%. The mean age of respondents was 34.9 ± 14.9 years. Majority had good knowledge (71.0%), majority had positive attitudes (65.4%), while majority had negative beliefs (56.1%) about mental illness. The most identified mental illness was drug addiction (69.6%). Majority believed that mental illnesses can be treated (85.0%). Majority (72.0%) disagreed with the mentally ill being denied their individual rights, while majority (69.6%) agreed with the mentally ill being restrained until they are treated. There was a strong association between monthly household income and attitude towards mental illness. Conclusion: Majority of respondents had good knowledge, positive attitudes, but negative beliefs about mental illness. Efforts by the government and non-governmental organizations to improve the mental health literacy of Nigerians are recommended.
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